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In almost all cases, things in parenthesis, "( )", are added information by me.

US4318522 Gimbal Mechanism
US4809675 Himawari
US4943141 Himawari
US4890599 Polar Axis Mount

Dr. Thomason solar patents
US5103802 Thermosyphon heat-storage and backup heat apparatus
US4852547 Heat storage
US4369764 Solar heat storage system
US4343293 Solar domestic water heater
US4284059 Heat storage and heat exchanger
US4265219 Solar heating (cooling) system
US4158358 Heat and cold storage apparatus
US4146011 Solar energy
US4139055 Solar heating (cooling)
US4134544 Solar heating system
US4132220 Solar energy collector
US4102327 Solar heating (cooling) system
US4082143 Solar energy
US4048812 Solar-energy conserving
US4029082 Heat and cold storage apparatus
US3989031 Solar heat collector
US3980130 Heat, cold and dry storage
US3812903
US3412728
US3369541
US3295591
US3254703
US3254702
US3236294 the Venerable Thomason House
http://www.google.com/patents?vid=USPAT5473110__
http://www.delphion.com/cgi-bin/viewpat.cmd/US05473110__?SCALE=0.300&download_only=yes&BPS=8&page=1

Patent Link	yr	Category	Inventor	Description
		Building		Building
		BuildingHyPar		Building Hyperbolic Paraboloid Roof
US3090162	1963	Building HyPar Roof	Baroni; Giorgio	Builging Construction
US3186128	1965	Building HyPar Roof	Charles; Harold H.	Hyperbolic Parabololoidal Construction
US3094812	1963	Building HyPar Roof	La Foy; Eugene L. Peeler; Lawrence F.	Precast unit for forming a hyperbolic paraboloidal roof structure
US2891491	1959	Building HyPar Roof	Richter; Don L.	Precast unit for forming a hyperbolic paraboloidal roof structure
US3958375	1976	Building HyPar Roof	Tully; Donald F.	Prefabricated Hyperbolic Paraboloid Roof
		control		Control Lighting
US6695090	2001	Control Lighting	McAllister; Michael C.	Back-lit handlebar control assembly (Motorcycle Riders Holdings Corp.) Control
		Self-powered		Self-powered Switch Initiation System
US5632841	1995	Control Self-powered	Hellbaum; Richard F. Bryant; Robert G. Fox; Robert L.	Thin layer composite unimorph ferroelectric driver and sensor ()
US5639850	1995	Control Self-powered	Bryant; Robert G.	Process for preparing a tough, soluble, aromatic, thermoplastic copolyimide ()
US5741883	1994	Control Self-powered	Bryant; Robert G.	Tough, soluble, aromatic, thermoplastic copolyimides ()
US6734603	1997	Control Self-powered	Hellbaum; Richard F. Bryant; Robert G. Fox; Robert L. Jalink; Antony Jr. Rohrbach; Wayne W. Simpson; Joycelyn O.	Thin layer composite unimorph ferroelectric driver and sensor ()
US6630894	2000	Control Self-powered	Boyd; Clark Davis Face; Bradbury R. Face; Samuel A. Jr.	Self-Powered switching device ()
US6812594	2001	Control Self-powered	Face; Bradbury R. Boyd; Clark Davis	Self-powered trainable switching network ()
US7084529	2002	Control Self-powered	Face; Bradbury R. Boyd; Clark Davis Rogers; Glenn F. Jr. Thomas; Gregory P.	Self-powered switch initiation system ()
US7126497	2004	Control Self-powered	Face; Bradbury R. Carazo; Alfredo Vazquez Rogers; Glenn F. Jr. Thomas; Gregory P.	Self-powered switch initiation system ()
US7161276	2004	Control Self-powered	Face; Bradbury R.	Self-powered, electronic keyed, multifunction switching system ()
US7692559	2006	Control Self-powered	Face; Bradbury R. Carazo; Alfredo Vazquez Rogers; Glenn F. Jr. Thomas; Gregory	Self-powered switch initiation system ()
		awnings		Awnings for RVs
US5636675	1997	Awnings	Baka Malott	Shifting roll awning assembly with stowable support arms (White Consolidated Industries, Inc.) Camper Awning
US5035253	1991	Awnings	Bortles	Tent canopy rain awning Tent Awning
		bearings		Bearings
US5302874	1994	Bearings Magnetic	Pinkerton	Magnetic bearing and method utilizing movable closed conductive loops
		bicycle		Bicycle Stuff
US3861227	1972	Bicycle Transmission	Hunt, Guilbert M.	Variable Ratio Drive Mechanism for Bicycles (I have a vintage bycycle that has one of these. I love it! It was mabe by Tokheim, the guys who make gasoline pumps, and called the "Tokheim Gear-Maker".) Gear-Maker
		brayton		Brayton Engines
US4189922	1980	Brayton Solar	Bellofatto	Converting solar energy into electric power Solar Brayton
US4942736	1990	Brayton Solar	Bronicki	Method of and apparatus for producing power from solar energy Solar Turbine
US5448889	1995	Brayton Solar	Bronicki	Method of and apparatus for producing power using compressed air Solar Turbine
US4683872	1987	Brayton Solar	Fricker	Receiver for solar energy Solar Turbine
US4262484	1981	Brayton Solar	Jubb Stansbury	Gas turbine engine power plant using solar energy as a heat source Solar Turbine
US4172491	1979	Brayton Solar	Rice	Method of more efficiently operating a heat storage-heat exchange system Solar Engine
		candles		Candles
US5078591	1992	Candles	Despres	Candle having thermal response
US4320575	1982	Candles Molding	Karlsson	Apparatus for manufacturing candles
US4022862	1977	Candles Molding	McBride Glenn Cooper	Method of molding an article in an expansible mold and removing the article from the mold
US5353827	1994	Candles Paste	Bouchard Lafrance Perrault	Process for producing pasty paraffin
US4017231	1977	Candles Powder	Karlsson	Device on apparatus for pressing power or granules into candles
US4054636	1977	Candles Powder	Menig	Method of making a composite candle with powdered wax core
US3702495	1972	Candles Powder	Renoe	Method of producing compression molded candles
US4291458	1981	Candles Wicking	Flinn	Apparatus and method for installing wicking in candles
US3964858	1976	Candles Wicking	Marik	Automatic candle-wicking machine
		compressor		Compressors
US4242878	1981	Compressor	Brinkerhoff	Isothermal compressor apparatus and method Isothermal Compressor
US4027993	1977	Compressor	Wolff	Method and apparatus for compressing vaporous or gaseous fluids isothermally
		rollingpiston		Compressor Rolling Piston (sometimes called "Sliding Abutement")
US4975031	1990	Compressor Rolling Piston	Bagepalli Imam	Rotary compressor with compliant impact surfaces Rolling Piston
US4332534	1982	Compressor Rolling Piston	Becker	Membrane pump with tiltable rolling piston pressing the membrane Rolling Piston
US5529469	1996	Compressor Rolling Piston	Bushnell Swidowski	Vane hole cover for rotary compressor
US5226797	1993	Compressor Rolling Piston	Da Costa; Caio Mario Franco	Rolling piston compressor with defined dimension ratios for the rolling piston
US5007813	1991	Compressor Rolling Piston	Da Costa; Caio Mario Franco	Rotary rolling piston compressor with fixed vane having a relieved incline section
US5244366	1993	Compressor Rolling Piston	Delmotte	Rolling piston compressor, and a cylinder therefor
US3942414	1976	Compressor Rolling Piston	Eddy	Hydraulic device ( This motor has a plurality of expansion elements strung in series.) Multiple Lobes
US4580957	1986	Compressor Rolling Piston	Fickelscher Schabert	Rotary fluid-flow machine with thin-walled annular piston ( Check out the slider/valve assembly in figure 5. )
US5322424	1994	Compressor Rolling Piston	Fujio	Two stage gas compressor
US4452570	1984	Compressor Rolling Piston	Fujisaki Chu	Multiple cylinder rotary compressor
US3056542	1982	Compressor Rolling Piston	Galin; R.	REFRIGERATING APPARATUS
US5616019	1997	Compressor Rolling Piston	Hattori Futamura Saito Ozu	Rolling piston type expansion machine
US5775883	1998	Compressor Rolling Piston	Hattori Ozu Saito Morishima Otaka Futamura	Rolling-piston expander apparatus
US4558993	1985	Compressor Rolling Piston	Hori Hirano Kojima Yuda	Rotary compressor with capacity modulation
US5667372	1997	Compressor Rolling Piston	Hwang Shin	Rolling piston rotary compressor formed with lubrication grooves
US4669963	1987	Compressor Rolling Piston	Ishihara Takei Hattori Okazaki	Rolling piston type rotary machine
US4793780	1988	Compressor Rolling Piston	Ishihara Takei Hattori Okazaki	Rolling piston type rotary machine with discharge passage in vane
US4537567	1985	Compressor Rolling Piston	Kawaguchi; Susumu Morinushi; Ken	Rolling piston type compressor
US4676726	1987	Compressor Rolling Piston	Kawaguchi; Susumu Hirahara; Takuho Nakane; Kazuhiro Ueda; Sei	Rotary compressor
US4983108	1991	Compressor Rolling Piston	Kawaguchi Shirafuji Maeyama Sugita Yamamoto	Low pressure container type rolling piston compressor with lubrication channel in the end plate
US4507064	1985	Compressor Rolling Piston	Kocher Szymaszek Nikolaus	Rotary gas compressor having rolling pistons
US5322424	1994	Compressor Rolling Piston	Matsuda Inagaki Ogawa Sasaya	Rolling piston compressor
US5522235	1996	Compressor Rolling Piston	Matsuoka Yamazaki Tezuka Mochizuki Tanabe	Reversible rotary compressor and reversible refrigerating cycle
US4714414	1987	Compressor Rolling Piston	Miller	Plural-stage gas compressor
US5326233	1994	Compressor Rolling Piston	Mochizuki Kawaguchi Sakai Sato Maeyama	Enclosed motor compressor of a two cylinder type
US4427351	1984	Compressor Rolling Piston	Sano; Kiyoshi	Rotary compressor with noise reducing space adjacent the discharge port
US4397618	1983	Compressor Rolling Piston	Stenzel	Rolling piston compressor with locking device for the separating slide Modulated Rolling Piston
US4598559	1986	Compressor Rolling Piston	Tomayko Pandeya	Reversible fixed vane rotary compressor having a reversing disk which carries the suction port
		concentrator		Solar Concentrators
		Concentrator Dish
US2460482	1945	Concentrator Dish	Abbot; Charles Greeley	Solar Heat Collector (Dish on a Tripod mount) Tripod Mount
US4170985	1979	Concentrator Dish	Authier	Solar Energy Collector (Spherical Bowl type collector.) Spherical Bowl
US4011854	1976	Concentrator Dish	Brantley; Lott W. Lawson; Billy D.	Mount for continuously orienting a collector dish in a system adapted to Perform Both Diurnal And Seasonal Solar Tracking (While designed for a dish, this cool "Z Shaped Declinator Mechanism" is well suited for any direct solar tracked application, especially for Tripod Mounts as the main Polar Axis is supported at both ends. This device can also be used with heliostats.) Declinator for Tripod Mount
US811274	1904	Concentrator Dish	Cartier; Albert	Solar Furnace (A really big dish on a dual axis Lazy Susan or Hinge mount. A flat plate version is also described.) Dish on Lazy Susan
US4111184	1978	Concentrator Dish	Fletcher; James C. Perkins; Gerald S.	Sun tracking solar energy collector (A dish is moved about a stationary receiver by means of tracks.) Swinging Dish
US4395581	1983	Concentrator Dish	Girard	Concave mirror constituted by a plurality of plane facets and solar generator comprising such a mirror Big Dish
US4126123	1978	Concentrator Dish	Hall	Solar energy collector including a weightless balloon with sun tracking means (Inflatable.) Balloon Dish
US6284968	2000	Concentrator Dish	Niesyn; Joseph Z.	Solar-tracking system (Clockwork driven tracker perportedly capable of folowing the sun with constant speed drive and gearing only. However, this can't work properly as the sun may be as much as 15 minutes of time in error. This error is not a simple harmonic motion.) Dish
US5758938	1998	Concentrator Dish	Osterwisch	Solar concentrator elevational drive mechanism (Dish used with Stirling Thermal Motors' solar stirling engine) Big Stirling Dish
US4237868	1980	Concentrator Dish	Overton	Solar heating balloon (Inflatable Tethered Balloon Solar Collector.) Balloon
US820127	1905	Concentrator Dish	Pope; Charles Henry	Apparatus For The Utilizatson Of Solar Heat (Dishes and Troughs. Half a dish, what's the point?) Half a Dish
US5325844	1994	Concentrator Dish	Rogers Borton Durnin	Lightweight, distributed force, two-axis tracking, solar radiation collector structures (One axis is polar and the other is heliostatic, or in another variation it is a receiver axis heliostat Power Kinetics, Inc.) Dish/Heliostat
US6691701	2002	Concentrator Dish	Roth; Karl Frederic <karl@sunillumination.com>	Modular solar radiation collection and distribution system (See: Davis (1892) or Stiles (1998). Solartech) Heliostat Mechanism
US4608964	1986	Concentrator Dish	Russo	Tension solar mirror
US5529054	1996	Concentrator Dish	Shoen	Solar energy concentrator and collector system and associated method (Casegrainian optics. Its also an example of a Receiver Axis Heliostat.) Receiver Axis Heliostat and Casegrainian Dish
US4333446	1982	Concentrator Dish	Smyth	Solar concentrator (Based on a geodesic dome structure) Dish in a Dome
US4535961	1985	Concentrator Dish	Sobczak; Isidore F. Cleveland; William C. Pons; Robert L.	Lightweight azimuth/elevation mount Dish
US4342501	1982	Concentrator Dish U-Joint	Solomon; Murray	Radiant energy collector with focal point between the plane of the frame and earth (Tilt and rotate effected by 2 extensible actuators based on the U-joint mechanism. Similar to the Gueguen (1976) dish and Sallis (1990) heliostat.) Lighting Dish
US6128135	1998	Concentrator Dish	Stiles; Michael R. Kinney; Laurence F.	Three-reflection collection system for solar and lunar radiant energy (Forget the Cassegrainian dish, look at the pantogram half angle mechanism. This is very similar to that used by Silbermann on his clockwork driven heliostats of the early 1800s. Its also an example of a Receiver Axis Heliostat.) Receiver Axis Heliostat Mechanism
US4423926	1982	Concentrator Dish	Stolpin; Roger M.	Parabolic collector (Dish panels snap together similar to the way the hinge parts work on clear plastic polystyrene boxes. I would think magnets would also work.) Snap Together Dish
US5893360	1999	Concentrator Dish	Stoumen Stoumen	Inflatable solar oven (This sounds like a half silvered mylar balloon) Solar Cooker
US3643648	1970	Concentrator Dish	Weiss	SOLAR HEATING DEVICES (Formed similar to a Japanese fan.) Solar Cooker
US4116541	1978	Concentrator Dish	Weiss	Parabolic reflector with vary transverse width (Formed from crossed reflective sections. These flower petal like sections are bent into shape. The specific shape of the petals directly form a parabolic curve. Equations are given to develop the petal shape.) Petal Shapped Dish
US4568945	1986	Concentrator Dish	Winegard; John R. Cowan; Keith B.	Satellite dish antenna apparatus (Winegard Company) Satellite Dish
US4171876	1979	Concentrator Dish	Wood; Douglas E. Sunflower <fox@harbornet.com>	Apparatus for supporting large-dimension curved reflectors Many Faceted Dish
US4295709	1981	Concentrator Dish	Wood; Douglas E. Sunflower <fox@harbornet.com>	Parabolic reflector comprising a plurality of triangular reflecting members forming a reflecting surface supported by a framework having a particular geometric pattern Many Faceted Dish
US4372772	1983	Concentrator Dish	Wood; Douglas E. Sunflower <fox@harbornet.com>	Parabolic reflector comprising a plurality of triangular reflecting members forming a reflecting surface supported by a framework having a particular geometric pattern Many Faceted Dish
US4491388	1985	Concentrator Dish	Wood; Douglas E. Sunflower <fox@harbornet.com>	Support carriage for a solar concentrator Many Faceted Dish
US6485152	2001	Concentrator Dish	Wood; Douglas E. Sunflower <fox@harbornet.com>	Matrix solar dish Back Side How it's put togather
		Concentrator DishFresnel
US4789921	1988	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Aho; Kenneth A.	Cone shaped Fresnel reflector (From 3M and lives in Chisago City, MN) Cone Dish
US4999059	1991	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Bagno	Universal solar concentrator panel (Combination of multiple flat mirrors reflecting light onto a receiver. The receiver uses concentrator PV cells and water cooled heat output. Similar to Calver (1889).) Fresnel Dish
US4552126	1985	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Boyd	Radiation concentrator (A Fresnel mirror made from an inflatable balloon with concentric mirror segments on the upper and lower surfaces. The combination of the two mirrored surfaces focuses solar energy behind the array. The combination reminds me of Gregorian telescope optics. This is really dumb, first the reflectors block half the light then they spread the light out reducing the concentration.) Fresnel Dish
US412724	1889	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Calver; William	Solar Apparatus ((1889)) Fresnel Dish
US4906070	1998	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Cobb, Jr.; Sanford	Totally internally reflecting thin, flexible film (Plastic material ruled with internal grooves to form parallel roof prisms. Forms 2/3rds of a retroreflector) 3M and he lives in St. Mary's Point, MN) Plastic Sheet
US1951404	1934	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Goddard; Robert H.	Focusing Mirror and Directing Mechanism Therefor (Ya, this is the liquid fuel rocket guy. He lived in Worcester, MA. The dish has rotating mirror strips that can be bent to adjust the focus.) Fresnel Dish
US6959993	2005	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Gross; William Luconi; Gregg Zsolnay; Denes	Solar concentrator array with individually adjustable elements (Fresnel Dish with adjustable 3 point link mechanism) 3 Link Mechanism
US4136674	1979	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Korr	System for solar radiation energy collection and conversion (Looks like an "arc heliostat" floating in a moat of water. See my web page describing these: ) Dish/Arc Heliostat
US4561425	1985	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Long; John B. Ware; Robert R.	Solar cooker (A Fresnel mirror composed of concentric rings of conical mirror segments focusing in front of the array) Fresnel Dish
US4716258	1987	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Murtha; R. Michael <murtha2@juno.com>	Stamped concentrators supporting photovoltaic assemblies PV Concentrator
US4566432	1986	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Sobczak Cleveland Pons	Method for mass producing solar radiation reflectors Big Stirling Dish
US4457297	1984	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Sobczak Cleveland Pons	Modular solar concentrator Little Stirling Dish
US4350412	1982	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Steenblik; Richard A. Ho; Dar-Veig	Fresnel spiral reflector and method for making same (A unique method of making a pseudo-parabolic reflector dish by cutting a spiral out of flat sheet reflective stock and winding it up to form the curved shape needed to concentrate solar energy.) Spiral Fresnel Dish Photograph
US4784700	1988	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Stern Cornwall Kaincz Mildice	Point focus solar concentrator using reflector strips of various geometries to form primary and secondary reflectors Fresnel Dish
US5982481	1999	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	Stone; Kenneth Blackmon; James	Alignment system and method for dish concentrators (Alignment and focusing method. The system uses a light source and detector at a position about 2 times the focal distance. A computer operates the light source and adjusts the individual facits.) Big Stirling Dish
US4347834	1982	Concentrator Dish Fresnel	York	Variable entropy solar energy harvester (A Fresnel mirror composed of concentric rings of paraboloidal mirror segments focusing behind the array) Fresnel Dish
		Concentrator FiberOptics
US4275950	1981	Concentrator Fiber Optics	Meyer; Stanley A.	Light-guide lens (Ya, the wacco run a car on water guy) Wierd
		Concentrator Heliostat
US3924604	1975	Concentrator Heliostat	Anderson; Donald E.	Solar energy conversion system (Power Tower. Guy from Northfield, MN. Looks like Solar II with air heat transport. Describes mirrors moved with cables.) Power Plant
US5347402	1992	Concentrator Heliostat	Arbogast; Porter	Multiple mirror assembly for solar collector (Method of removing and stowing mirrors for protection in storms) Linked Mirrors
US4056313	1977	Concentrator Heliostat	Arbogast; Porter R.	Multiple mirrored apparatus utilizing solar energy (Technically the linkage mechanism doesn't work properly. See the Bunch (1978) patent for a parallelogram linkage that is correct.) Linked Mirrors
US4398802	1983	Concentrator Heliostat	Auger; Henri Acloque; Jean-Pierre	Solar mirror having contiguous reflecting panels mounted on a movable frame (Interesting method of forming and controlling the curve in strips of mirrors.) Mirror Strip Heliostat
US1938003	1930	Concentrator Heliostat	Arthuys; Jacques Marie	Self Adjusting Sunlight Reflector (Inline Heliostat controlled by interesting thermal/pneumatic mercury switches.) Thermal/Pneumatic Mercury Switch
US2135997	1936	Concentrator Heliostat	Arthuys; Jacques Marie	Automatic Heliostat (Inline Heliostat controlled by interesting thermal/pneumatic differential mercury switches.) Thermal/Pneumatic Differential Mercury Switch
US4832001	1987	Concentrator Heliostat	Baer; Stephen C.	Lightweight solar panel support (Heliostat elements supported on cables. Zomeworks Similar to the Dolan (1984) patent.) Zomeworks Zomeworks
US5417052	1993	Concentrator Heliostat	Bharathan; Desikan Bohn; Mark S. Williams; Thomas A.	Hybrid solar central receiver for combined cycle power plant (Looks like Solar II with air heat transport.) Hybrid Solar Power Plant
US4227513	1980	Concentrator Heliostat	Blake; Floyd A. Northrup, Jr.; Lynn L.	Solar system employing ground level heliostats and solar collectors (Heliostat and inline optical tracker) Inline Tracker
US4276872	1981	Concentrator Heliostat	Blake; Floyd A. Northrup, Jr.; Lynn L.	Solar system employing ground level heliostats and solar collectors (Heliostat and inline optical tracker) Inline Tracker
US4149777	1977	Concentrator Heliostat	Bunch; Jesse C.	Radiation concentrating system (Heliostat beveled gear bisector angle mechanism) Beveled Gear Angle Bisector bunch1 Interior Gear Angle Bisector
US4110009	1978	Concentrator Heliostat	Bunch; Jesse C.	Heliostat apparatus (Heliostat actuation scheme that uses parallelogram linkages) Heliostat Array bunch2
US4218114	1980	Concentrator Heliostat	Bunch; Jesse C.	Heliostat apparatus (Heliostat actuation scheme that uses parallelogram linkages) Linked Mirrors bunch3
US260657	1882	Concentrator Heliostat	Calver; William	Method Of And Means For Utilizing The Rays Of The Sun (Arc Heliostat (1882) See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat
US291491	1884	Concentrator Heliostat	Calver; William	Means For Utilizing The Rays Of The Sun (Arc Heliostat (1884) See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat
US549765	1895	Concentrator Heliostat	Calver; William	Apparatus For Making Gas (Arc Heliostat (1895) See my web page describing these: )
US603317	1898	Concentrator Heliostat	Calver; William	Solar Apparatus (Arc Heliostat (1898) See my web page describing these: )
US3906927	1975	Concentrator Heliostat	Caplan; Harry W.	Solar-thermal power system employing adjustable curvature reflective panels and method of adjusting reflective panel curvature (Heliostat with mechanically adjustable flat mirrors. The tracker uses inline sensors) Inline Tracker
US4192289	1980	Concentrator Heliostat	Clark; David J.	Solar heat collection system (Vacuum formed concave heliostat mirror. Receiver axis tracker using a cable over pullys.) Heliostat
US8344305	2010	Concentrator Heliostat	Convery; Mark R.	System and method for aligning heliostats of a solar power tower Heliostat Control
US608755	1897	Concentrator Heliostat	Cottle; Henry F.	Apparatus For Storing And Using Solar Heat (Arc Heliostat on tracks (1897) See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat
US507999	1892	Concentrator Heliostat	Davis; John W.	APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING BUILDINGS (A Cassegrainian Dish and Heliostat combination for reflecting vertically down into a building for lighting purposes. Very sinilar to another by Roth (2002).) Heliostat Lighting
US4129360	1978	Concentrator Heliostat	Deflandre; Jean Matarasso; Pierre Traisnel; Jean-Pierre	Heliostats (A Hinge type heliostat mechanism that tracks similar to a TPole although much stronger than a TPole. See Sayre (1980).) Hinge
US4466423	1984	Concentrator Heliostat	Dolan; James E. Sands; Timothy D.	Rim-drive cable-aligned heliostat collector system (Heliostat mirrors suspended on cables in linear rows. The mirrors are stowable for wether protection.) Mirrors on Wires
US3466119	1966	Concentrator Heliostat	Francia; Giovanni	Multiple Mirrored Apparatus Utilizing Solar Heat (True ganged mechanical heliostat. This looks very similar to the Gambey mechanical heliostat. See my web page describing these: ) Mirrors on Wires
US20050279953	2004	Concentrator Heliostat	Gerst; Leo	Heliostat Alignment System (A T-Pole mounted heliostat moved with linear actuators and controlled with a dual axis inline tracker. I doubt this patent will ever get issued because there was ample prior art. Leo's website. Even my version was done before 2004.) Inline Tracker
US4266179	1981	Concentrator Heliostat	Hamm; James E.	Solar energy concentration system Solar Furnace
US4063543	1977	Concentrator Heliostat	Hedger; John Henry	Servo tracking apparatus (Moves mirror by rocking mechanisms that tilt and rotate using linear actuators. My goofy tracker is similar to this.) Inline Tracker
WO2012125748 WO2012125748	2012	Concentrator Heliostat	Johnson; Richard L Hines; Braden E	Apparatus And Method For Pointing Light Sources (The mirror is tilted and rotated with a pair of tethers. Thermata, now Solar Reserve, I think this is related to eSolar.) Computational Tracker
WO2012125751 WO2012125751	2012	Concentrator Heliostat	Hines; Braden E Johnson; Richard L	Apparatus And Method For Pointing Light Sources (The mirror is tilted and rotated with a pair of tethers. Thermata, now Solar Reserve, I think this is related to eSolar.) Computational Tracker
US4110010	1978	Concentrator Heliostat	Hilton; Richard D.	Ganged heliostat (Technically the linkage mechanism doesn't work properly. Similar to the Arbogast (1977) problem. See the Bunch (1978) patent for a parallelogram linkage that is correct.) Removable Mirrors
US4509501	1985	Concentrator Heliostat	Hunter; Larry D.	Solar energy collecting system using a primary reflector based on a pyramid structure Triangular Heliostat
US5949594	1997	Concentrator Heliostat	Iglseder; Heinrich Arens-Fischer; Wolfgang	Process for the generation of information in space (Spaced based solar iluminated advertising) Space Advertising
US3905352	1975	Concentrator Heliostat	John; Arnold	System For Collecting And Transferring Usable Solar Heat (Arc Heliostat See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat
US4365618	1982	Concentrator Heliostat	Jones; Dedger	jones1 Heliostatic solar energy conversion (Heliostat field that uses tilt only mirrors for altitude adjustment. The field of mirrors rotates about the central tower on tracks for azimuth adjustment. See my web page describing these: ) Plan Arc Heliostat with Tracked Mount
US4922088	1988	Concentrator Heliostat	Kasuya; Satoshi	Automatic solar lighting apparatus having a solar following sensor ("Receiver Axis" Lighting Heliostat similar to the Silbermann mechanical heliostats of the 1830's. It uses the pantograph bisector mechanism. It's a bit difficult to recognize the "Receiver Axis" function since the mirror moves in AZimuth ALTitude but its there. The receiver axis in this case is Vertically oriented. Note!! even though the mirror moves in AZ/ALT this must be called a "Receiver Axis" heliostat mount.) Lighting Heliostat
US8662877	2010	Concentrator Heliostat	von Kries; Karl	System, method and apparatus for solar heated manufacturing (A system for a thermal manufacturing system including a heliostat and a mold. von Kries is using an array of heliostats to heat Rotary Plastic Molding equipment. See: Light Manufacturing I won an ebay auction for 10 heliostats from von Kries's prototype heliostat array made by Practical Solar Light manufacturing is now making their own heliostats Light Manufacturing H1 Heliostats) Solar Powered Manufacturing
US20140043705	2011	Concentrator Heliostat	Lehmann; Alex Geoffrey	Toroidal heliostat (Basically a Receiver Axis Heliostat. The mirror is activly or passivly warped to produce a Toroidal surface. I have described this variable focal length problem a number of times on the usenet as long ago as 2001, (probably earlier).) Receiver Axis Heliostat with Toroidal Concentration
US7207327	2004	Concentrator Heliostat	Litwin; Robert Z. Meister; Christopher D.	Feedback control method for a heliostat (Heliostat tracking sensor using Retro Reflectors, something similar to the manual heliostat optical sensor, by Martin Lades, we used on the heliostat array to send light up to the Kansas City Space Pirates, KCSP, space tether climber.) Heliostat Tracking Sensor using Retro Reflectors
US7000608	2002	Concentrator Heliostat	Löschmann; Thomas	Solar energy system (Heliostat array linked by cables.) Tracked Mount
US333769	1886	Concentrator Heliostat	Mayer; Alfred M.	Heliostat (A Galilean Telescope combined with a Type 1 Coelostat.) Telescopic Type 1 Coelostat
US4832002	1989	Concentrator Heliostat	Medina; Oscar	Unified heliostat array (A heliostat array for reflecting the rays of the sun upon a central collector. This is a neat example of a Receiver Axis Tracker. A cable over pulleys links them together. Please study this carefully, especially for small scale heliostats.) Heliostat
US4137897	1979	Concentrator Heliostat	Moore; Walter T.	Unified array for collection and concentration of solar energy (Heliostats built into buildings with conventional tower) Heliostat Buildings
US59438	1866	Concentrator Heliostat	Morawetz; L. F.	Vertical Solar Camera (An early Type 1 Coelostat heliostat.) Type 1 Coelostat
US5979438	1998	Concentrator Heliostat	Nakamura; Katsushige	Sunlight collecting system (Describes a secondary Gregorian mirror and a tertiary compound parabolic concentrator receiver, and inline tracker.) Heliostat Array Inline Tracker Tracker
US6231197	2001	Concentrator Heliostat	Nakamura; Katsushige	Heliostat for sunlight collecting system (Similar to the half angle gearing methods used in a receiver axis heliostat. In this case there are two half angle mechanisms, one for each axis of a TPole mount.) Heliostat
US6899096	2004	Concentrator Heliostat	Nakamura; Katsushige	Autonomous heliostat (Similar to a Silbermann mechanical heliostat. Except the half angle mechanism uses gear belts instead of Silbermann's rhombus mechanism.) Heliostat
US4586488	1986	Concentrator Heliostat	Noto; Vincent H.	Reflective solar tracking system (Half angle tracker employing gears. Similar to that describes to me by Jerimiah Chace. Receiver Axis Mount) Half angle tracker, single axis
US6227673	2001	Concentrator Heliostat	O'Hara-Smith; Stephen C. <info@sohara.org>	Adjustable reflector (Sohara, a Directable Mirror is an inexpensive panel approximately one meter square and a couple of inches thick. It is composed of a plurality of spheres bisected with a mirror. Steve O'Hara-Smith) Spheres
US509393	1893	Concentrator Heliostat	Paine; Halbert E.	Solar Heater (Arc Heliostat (1893)) See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat
DE102010043790	2010	Concentrator Heliostat	Páli; György János	Heliostat with associated receiving element (Basically a Receiver Axis Heliostat. The mirror is composed of Fresnel mirror segments arranged as multiple rotatable slats. The segments in each slat are slanted to accomplish concentration with a fixed focal length in the plane 90 degrees to the Sun/Receiver line. The slats are rotated with a rather complicated mirror adjusting mechanism to accomplish concentration with a variable focal length in the plane of the Sun/Receiver line. I have described this variable focal length problem a number of times on the usenet as long ago as 2001, (probably earlier). This is an interesting method of doing this. This appears to be a rather complete all mechanical solution. (BTW, the simulated curved surface is close to a section of a Toroid, or Toroidal surface.)) Receiver Axis Heliostat with Toroidal Concentration
US5945961	1999	Concentrator Heliostat U-Joint	Price; Russell E. Gastonguay; Raymond J.	Antenna dish system having constrained rotational movement (Mechanical tracker based on the U-joint mechanism. Similar to the Sallis (1990) Heliostat and Solomon (1982) dish.) U-joint Mechanism
US5787878	1996	Concentrator Heliostat	Ratliff Jr.; George D.	Solar concentrator (Arc Heliostat with parking using tracks See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat
US7380549	2006	Concentrator Heliostat	Ratliff Jr.; George D.	Solar concentrator (Arc Heliostat with parking using tracks. This version appears to be operated with cables. See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat
US6897423	2002	Concentrator Heliostat	Redler; Michael H. < redlerm@yahoo.com> Rader; Dennis	Self-powered intermittent moving light tracking device and method (Escentially a Receiver Axis Heliostat Mount with Shadow Blocker sensor) Receiver Axis Mechanism using Chain & Sproket Receiver Axis Mechanism using Gears
US20110000478	2009	Concentrator Heliostat	Reznik; Dan S.	Camera-based heliostat tracking controller (Cameras looking back from the mirrors to see images of the sun and receiver. Controllers move the heliostat until the images coincide or merge. Reznik is now with eSolar See Zavodny) Camera based Heliostat control
US20090107485	2008	Concentrator Heliostat	Reznik; Dan S. Azarchs; Adam D. Csaszar; Ambrus Hartshorn; Matthew B.	Calibration and tracking control of heliostats in a central tower receiver solar power plant (Cameras looking back from the mirrors to see images of the sun and receiver. Controllers move the heliostat until the images coincide or merge. Reznik is now with eSolar See Zavodny) Camera based Heliostat control
US4122827	1977	Concentrator Heliostat	Rhodes; William A.	Kinematic synchronous solar heliostat (A kinematic solar heliostat for reflecting solar energy onto a fixed target which uses a single drive to position reflected solar energy onto such target during daytime hours at any latitude.) Polar Heliostat
US4402582	1982	Concentrator Heliostat	Rhodes; William A.	Parasitic driven heliostat mirror declinator (An automatic parasitically driven declinator for changing the tilt angle of the mirror of a heliostat to provide solar declination tracking by the heliostat.) Polar Heliostat
US4364183	1982	Concentrator Heliostat	Rhodes; William A.	Heliostat-adjusting solar sight (A solar sight having a scale calibrated in terms of solar declination angle and reflector angle.) Heliostat sight
US5325844	1994	Concentrator Heliostat	Rogers; William E. Borton; David N. Durnin; John E.	Lightweight, distributed force, two-axis tracking, solar radiation collector structures (One axis is polar and the other is heliostatic, or in another variation it is a receiver axis heliostat Power Kinetics, Inc.) Dish/Heliostat
US20060013001	2005	Concentrator Heliostat	Roth; Karl Frederic <karl@sunillumination.com>	Reflectors for condensed light beam distribution (Ok, this patent doesn't show it but he intends it to be a Cassegrainian dish and heliostat. Light is reflected along a horizontal beam with various mirrors picking off light for distribution to rooms. Solartech Escentially like Davis (1892) or Stiles (1998).)
US4930493	1990	Concentrator Heliostat U-Joint	Sallis; Daniel V.	Multi-lever rim-drive heliostat (Unusual dual lever actuator based on the U-joint mechanism. Similar to the Gueguen (1976) dish and Solomon (1982) dish but much more elegant. Note, the actuator mechanism is similar to that of a Back Hoe which amplifies angular motion.) Really Neat Heliostat
US4209231	1980	Concentrator Heliostat	Sayre; Robert K.	Heliostat assemblies (A TPole type heliostat mechanism that looks similar to a Hinge although much stronger. See Deflandre (1978).) TPole
US4219729	1980	Concentrator Heliostat	Smith; Otto J. M.	Method of aligning and locating the mirrors of a collector field with respect to a receptor tower (Laser alignment of a field of mirrors) Iaser Heliostat Alignment
US4117682	1978	Concentrator Heliostat	Smith; Otto J. M.	Solar collector system (Solar Power Tower and receiver and mirror field strategies.) Solar Power Plant
US4102326	1977	Concentrator Heliostat	Sommer; Warren T.	Central receiver solar collector using mechanically linked mirrors Linked Mirrors
USRE30960	1982	Concentrator Heliostat	Sommer; Warren T.	Central receiver solar collector using mechanically linked mirrors Linked Mirrors
US3981151	1976	Concentrator Heliostat	St. Clair	Use of solar energy heat gathering and storing systems to increase farm crop yields (Heliostat to store solar energy for later use in agricultural ilumination) Agricultural Heliostat
US4266530	1981	Concentrator Heliostat	Steadman; Robert W.	Sun ray tracker (Arc Heliostat with Mirrors moved and tilted in circular tracks. See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat
US4251135	1981	Concentrator Heliostat	Stone; Douglas C.	Solar reflector (Tensioned triangular membrain reflector.) Heliostat
US2712772	1953	Concentrator Heliostat	Trombe; Felix	Self-Regulating Automatic Heliostat Reflecting Mirror Device (Inline Heliostat. Trombe of the Trombe wall fame.) Inline Heliostat
US4264145	1981	Concentrator Heliostat	Urruela; Jose R.	Invertible apparatus for the reflection of solar radiation (This appears to be similar to a "Back Hoe" mechanism which can convert linear motion to rotary motion greater than 180 degrees) Heliostat
US4488779	1984	Concentrator Heliostat	Varner; Kevin	Lightweight heliostat system (Varner is from Ogilvie, MN.) Po Lee's YouTube video Heliostat
US1632254	1926	Concentrator Heliostat	Vinogbadov; Eugene	Window Lighting system (Similar to a Type 1 Coelostat and sends light down a shaft and into windows.) Lighting Heliostat
US6025583	1998	Concentrator Heliostat	Whitehead; Lorne A.	Concentrating heliostat for solar lighting applications (Escentially a Fresnel optical lens that reedirects the sunlight to a receiver. Tracking of the sun is accomplished by moving a plastic film from one roller to another. The film contains a plurality of optical lenses.) Heliostat on a Roll
US4798949	1986	Concentrator Heliostat	Wilcox; William W. Kudija; Charles T.	Linear actuated optical concentrator (This patent is the basis of a lighting heliostat I am working on) Heliostat
US5862799	1997	Concentrator Heliostat	Yogev; Amnon Krupkin; Vladimir	Control of a heliostat field in a solar energy plant (Uses Gregorian and Cassigranian optics.) Heliostat Shadow Tracker
US7203004	2004	Concentrator Heliostat	Zhang; Yaoming	Directed reflection light collecting device with planar reflectors (AZimuth ALTitude mount with stacked mirrors. Escentially a Receiver Axis Heliostat Mount with Shadow Blocker sensor.) Receiver Axis Heliostat
US7994459	2009	Concentrator Heliostat	Zavodny; Maximilian Reznik; Dan S. Forte; Michael James	Camera-based heliostat calibration with artificial light sources (This is eSolar's method of tracking and calibrating their heliostats using cameras mounted around the array field.) Heliostat Calibration
		Concentrator Holographic
US5517339	1994	Concentrator Holographic	Riccobono; Juanita R. Ludman; Jaques E.	Method of manufacturing high efficiency, broad bandwidth, volume holographic elements and solar concentrators for use therewith Holographic Concentrators
US5877874	1997	Concentrator Holographic	Rosenberg; Glenn A.	Device for concentrating optical radiation (Using holograms and passive solar tracking. Operates in a similar manner to Luminescent Concentrators but with the advantage of utilizing a wider spectrum.) Holographic Tracker
US4291679	1980	Concentrator Hyperbolic Paraboloid	Kersavage; Joseph A.	Structural solar collector (Hypar Roof with a movable tubular parabolic receiver.) Hyperbolic Paraboloid
US4538886	1985	Concentrator Hyperbolic Paraboloid	Townsend; Donald W. Routery; Edward E.	Circular arc solar concentrator (Hypar Roof using essentially stretched membranes and Sail technology.) Hyperbolic Paraboloid Hyperbolic Paraboloid
		Concentrator Inflatable
US4318394	1982	Concentrator Inflatable	Alexander; William C.	Solar energy concentrator (I don't understand how it works.) Inflatable Trough
US4552126	1984	Concentrator Inflatable	Boyd; John O.	Radiation concentrator (A Fresnel mirror made from an inflatable balloon with concentric mirror segments on the upper and lower surfaces. The combination of the two mirrored surfaces focuses solar energy behind the array. The combination reminds me of Gregorian telescope optics) Fresnel
US4182307	1980	Concentrator Inflatable	Brindle; Dannie K. Shanfelt; Donald Y.	Inflatable solar energy collector (A kind of inflatable greenhouse with a flat plate absorber.) Flat Plate
US4160443	1979	Concentrator Inflatable	Brindle; Dannie K. Shanfelt; Donald Y. Kiserl Dennis D. Armagast; David W. Lynch; Patrick J.	Inflatable solar heat collector (A kind of inflatable greenhouse with a flat plate absorber.) Flat Plate
US4203425	1980	Concentrator Inflatable	Clark; Dana A.	Inflatable solar collector (A kind of inflatable watterbed with a flat plate absorber.) Flat Plate
US4126123	1978	Concentrator Inflatable	Hall; Frederick F.	Solar energy collector including a weightless balloon with sun tracking means (Inflatable.) Balloon Dish
US4432342	1984	Concentrator Inflatable	Lucas; Jean Sylla; Lancine	Inflatable solar collector (Trough) Casegranian Trough
US4237868	1980	Concentrator Inflatable	Overton; Charlie N.	Solar heating balloon (Inflatable Tethered Balloon Solar Collector.) Balloon
US5893360	1997	Concentrator Inflatable	Stoumen; O'Malley O. Stoumen; Jonathan A.	Inflatable solar oven (This sounds like a half silvered mylar balloon) Solar Cooker
		Concentrator Involute
US4610518	1984	Concentrator Involute	Clegg; John E.	Involute beam concentrator Involute
		Concentrator LensFresnel
US5870233	1997	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	Benz; Volker Berkenkopf; Martin Fischer; Udo Lorenz; Hans Meier-Kaiser; Michael	Process for manufacture of fresnel lenses How to make
US4257401	1981	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	Daniels; Ronald M.	Solar heat collector (A Fresnel primary lens focusing on an optical fiber through a secondary flat mirror. Basically folded to 1/2 the length if no back side mirror was used.) Fiber Optic Concentrator
US5505789	1994	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	Fraas; Lewis M. O'Neill; Mark J.	Line-focus photovoltaic module using solid optical secondaries for improved radiation resistance (Entech Inc.) PV Concentrator
US5344497	1993	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	Fraas; Lewis M. O'Neill; Mark J.	Line-focus photovoltaic module using stacked tandem-cells PV Concentrator
US5648873	1996	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	Jaster; Paul A O'Neill; Mark Joseph	Passive solar collector (3M) PV Concentrator
US5578139	1995	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	Jones; P. Alan Harvey; T. Jeffrey Fraser, Allister F. Murphy; David M.	Stowable and deployable solar energy concentrator with fresnel lenses (Linear Fresnel lens onto a linear array of PV cells) PV Concentrator
US3991741	1976	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	Northrup; Leonard L. O'Neill; Mark J.	Roof-lens solar collector Built Into the Roof
US4545366	1984	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	O'Neill; Mark J.	Bi-focussed solar energy concentrator (Entech Inc.) PV Concentrator
US4711972	1986	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	O'Neill; Mark J.	Photovoltaic cell cover for use with a primary optical concentrator in a solar energy collector (Prismatic cover for concentrator PV cells Entech Inc.) Prismatic
US4069812	1976	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	O'Neill; Mark J.	Solar concentrator and energy collection system Liquid Heater
US4672949	1985	Concentrator Lens Fresnel	O'Neill; Mark J.	Solar energy collector having an improved thermal receiver (Entech Inc.) Liquid Heater
		Concentrator Luminescent
US4812013	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Aurouet Blumenfeld Bourdinaud Calve Cavan Meyer Thevenin	Process for utilizing light radiation with the aid of fluorescent optical fibres and functional devices and apparatus using said process (This is not a concentrator but is Luminescent Technology.) Luminescent Technology
US4222880	1980	Concentrator Luminescent	Baur Greubel Knauer Krueger	Arrangement for optical transmission of communications (This is not a concentrator but is Luminescent Technology.) Luminescent Technology
US4135537	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Blieden MacDonald	Light collector Luminescent
US4153813	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Blieden Sill	Luminescent solar collector Luminescent
US4357486	1982	Concentrator Luminescent	Blieden Yerkes	Luminescent solar collector Luminescent
US4188238	1980	Concentrator Luminescent	Boling	Generation of electrical energy from sunlight, and apparatus Linear Lens
US4164432	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Boling	Luminescent solar collector structure Luminescent
US4188239	1980	Concentrator Luminescent	Boling	Luminescent solar collector structure Luminescent
US4190465	1980	Concentrator Luminescent	Boling	Luminescent solar collector structure Luminescent
US4733929	1988	Concentrator Luminescent	Brown	Diffuser fiber incident energy concentrator and method of using same Luminescent Fiber
US4884860	1989	Concentrator Luminescent	Brown	Linear lens and method for concentrating radiant energy and multiplying phosphor luminance output intensity Linear Lens
US4799748	1989	Concentrator Luminescent	Brown	Slab-diffuser fiber incident energy concentrator Luminescent Fiber
US5816238	1998	Concentrator Luminescent	Burns Pavelka	Durable fluorescent solar collectors (3M) PV Concentrator
US4144097	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Chambers Wohlmut	Luminescent solar collector PV Concentrator
US4127425	1978	Concentrator Luminescent	Chambers	Luminescent solar collector PV Concentrator
US4544496	1985	Concentrator Luminescent	Claussen Harnisch	Light-collecting system using coumarin derivatives as energy converters (No pictures)
US3934148	1976	Concentrator Luminescent	Collins	Fluorescent plastic controlled direction lamp Lamp
US4175980	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Davis Sill Yerkes	Luminescent solar collector (Hybrid Luminescent and Thermal panel.) Luminescent Thermal
US4110123	1978	Concentrator Luminescent	Goetzberger Greubel	Apparatus for converting light energy into electrical energy 3 Color Luminescent
US5500054	1996	Concentrator Luminescent	Goldstein	Superemissive light pipes and photovoltaic systems including same Thermal Luminescent
US3912931	1975	Concentrator Luminescent	Gravisse	Photovoltaic device with luminescent layers of differing composition Multilayers for Light Color Conversion
US4324946	1982	Concentrator Luminescent	Gravisse	Solar radiation concentrator 2 Layer
US5431742	1995	Concentrator Luminescent	Kleinerman	Luminescent solar concentrators using light amplification processes (Luminescent laser iluminator.) Laser
US4149902	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Mauer Turechek	Fluorescent solar energy concentrato PV Concentrator
US4298802	1981	Concentrator Luminescent	Quella Pape	Method and device for collecting light utilizing a light trap PV Concentrator
US4367367	1983	Concentrator Luminescent	Reisfeld Neuman	Collector for solar energy PV Concentrator
US4488047	1984	Concentrator Luminescent	Thomas	High efficiency multiple layer, all solid-state luminescent solar concentrator PV Concentrator
US4155371	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Wohlmut Yerkes	Luminescent solar collector PV Concentrator
US4159212	1979	Concentrator Luminescent	Yerkes	Luminescent solar collector Fiber Optic
US4425907	1984	Concentrator Luminescent	Younghouse	Reflector-coupled fluorescent solar collector Fiber Optic
US4227939	1980	Concentrator Luminescent	Zewail Batchelder	Luminescent solar energy concentrator devices Shell
		Concentrator NonImagingOptics
US4327969	1982	Concentrator Non Imaging Optics	Giutronich Mills	Radiation concentrator and distributor CPC
US4275950	1981	Concentrator Non Imaging Optics	Meyer; Stanley A.	Light-guide lens (Ya, the wacco run a car on water guy) Wierd
US3970070	1976	Concentrator Non Imaging Optics	Meyer; Stanley A.	Solar heating system (Ya, the wacco run a car on water guy)
US4398530	1983	Concentrator Non Imaging Optics	Saunders; Norman B.	Solar collector and heating and cooling system (A kind of leanto shaped structure with mirrors) Roof Top Heating & Lighting
US4496787	1985	Concentrator Non Imaging Optics	Touchais Djelalian	Method and device for collecting and exploiting solar radiation (Cup Shaped CPC.) CPC
US3923381	1975	Concentrator Non Imaging Optics	Winston; Roland	Radiant energy collector (Suitable for use with PV cells.) CPC
US4002499	1977	Concentrator Non Imaging Optics	Winston; Roland	Radiant energy collector (Suitable for thermal collection.) CPC
		Concentrator Trough
US4318394	1982	Concentrator Inflatable	Alexander; William C.	Solar energy concentrator (I don't understand how it works.) Inflatable Trough
US4175391	1979	Concentrator Trough	Baer; Stephen C.	Self reorienting solar tracker (Zomeworks Compound Parabolic Concentrator) Liquid Mass Transfer
US4967730	1990	Concentrator Trough	Billheimer	Constant absorption solar furnace (An unusual conical shaped trough.) Conical Trough
US4559926	1985	Concentrator Trough	Butler	Centerless-drive solar collector system Trough Drive
US4295463	1978	Concentrator Trough	Citron; Jeffrey M. jsee <jseeaz1@yahoo.com>	Flexible V-shaped solar tracking concentrating solar energy collector (Tracking over a limited range is done by moving the apex of the V shaped flexable membrain.) Movable Reflector on V Trough
US257560	1881	Concentrator Trough	Deitzler; George W.	APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SOLAR HEAT Parabolic Trough
US4148564	1979	Concentrator Trough	Devin Guillemot	Solar sensor with linear concentration with a fixed receiver and movable mirrors (Russell (1975) Concentrator.) Russell
US4316448	1982	Concentrator Trough	Dodge	Solar energy concentrator system (Similar to the Carrizo Planes defunct solar power station. The mirrors are set at 60 degrees.) 2X PV
US4241726	1980	Concentrator Trough	Doebel	Concave helix solar concentrator (Useless patent, there is no point to this as the cross section is circular instead if parabolic and it shades the receiver a good portion of the day.)
US4051834	1977	Concentrator Trough	Fletcher Miller Pohl	Portable, linear-focused solar thermal energy collecting system (Trough, reflector lining a cylindrical tube.) Traugh
US4454371	1984	Concentrator Trough	Folino	Solar energy concentrator system (Conventional Trough)
US4131336	1978	Concentrator Trough	Frosch Miller Stephens	Primary reflector for solar energy collection systems (Describes how to make a concentrator similar to Russell (1975) heliostat using road building equipment. This, however, has Fresnel characteristics.)
US4077392	1978	Concentrator Trough	Garner	Novel solar collector (Similar to George Plhak's drive mechanism, ok George uses cables. The important thing is the troughs rotate about the stationary line receivers.) Troughs linked with worm gears
US4628142	1986	Tracker Concentrator Trough	Hashizume; Kenichi	Solar tracking mechanisms (Bimetallic spring movement. The thermal sensors look similar to Baer's weight transfer mechanism.) Bimetallic
US6080927	2000	Concentrator Trough	Johnson; Colin Francis	Solar concentrator for heat and electricity Concentrator Trough for PV
US4249514	1981	Concentrator Trough	Jones	Tracking solar energy concentrator (The reflector is similar to the Russell (1975) Concentrator Heliostat patent except it moves, the design is more like a conventional fresnel parabolic trough, not a heliostat.)
US4173213	1979	Concentrator Trough	Kelly	Solar power system, with high concentration, linear reflective solar panels
US5851309	1998	Concentrator Trough	Kousa; Paavo	Directing and concentrating solar energy collectors (Neat adjustable flexible concentrator built into the roof or wall of a house) Trough in a Roof
US5365920	1994	Concentrator Trough	Lechner	Solar concentrator system (Gregorian Optics by Bomin Solar Research, now defunct.) Gregorian Optics
US4003366	1975	Concentrator Trough	Lightfoot; Daniel J.	Solar heat collector module (Low grade concentrator, apears to be about 2X, with wide input angles) 2X Trough
USRE30407	1980	Concentrator Trough	Lightfoot; Daniel J.	Solar heat collector module (Low grade concentrator, apears to be about 2X, with wide input angles) 2X Trough
US4432342	1984	Concentrator Trough	Lucas Sylla	Inflatable solar collector Casegranian Trough
US5253637	1993	Concentrator Trough	Maiden	Hyperfocal tracking solar thermal collector (Off axis parabolic trough) Off Axis Trough
US528255	1893	Concentrator Dish	Monk; Frank H.	Apparatus For Utilizing Solar Energy (Horizontal axis trough mounted on a Lazy Susan track)
US5833176	1998	Concentrator Trough	Rubin Fabbri Young	Bowed solar array (Method to use a cable to bow a segmented mirror into a parabola) Trough for Satellite
US3868823	1975	Concentrator Trough	Russell, Jr.; John L. DePlomb, Eugene P.	Concentrator, Method, And System For Utilizing Radiant Energy (The Russell Concentrator Reflector Heliostat is one of the important basic solar concentrator types. It has spawned many imitators and variations. The Russell Trough is not considered to have Fresnel characteristics even though the mirrors are composed of long thin strips. It is a true heliostat having geometry that constantly change throughout the day.) Russell Trough Heliostat
US4071017	1978	Concentrator Trough	Russell, Jr.; John L. Potthoff; Robert Edward	Tensioned reflector support system (The Russell Concentrator Reflector Heliostat is one of the important basic solar concentrator types. It has spawned many imitators and variations. The Russell Trough is not considered to have Fresnel characteristics even though the mirrors are composed of long thin strips. It is a true heliostat having geometry that constantly change throughout the day.) Russell Trough Heliostat
US4243019	1981	Concentrator Trough	Severson	Light-weight-trough type solar concentrator shell (Interesting method of making a stiff mirror. Similar to what I did for one of my heliostat mirrors. However, this is circular insted of parabolic, what's the point. Honeywell)
US4820033	1989	Concentrator Trough	Sick; Erwin	Solar mirror apparatus (Parabolic Trough and Receiver installed in hoops used to rotate the whole assembly.) Parabolic Trough
US4359041	1982	Concentrator Trough	Snodgrass	Light energy concentrating device ( This appears to be a Trough with a Logarithmic curve instead of parabolic. Furthermore the reflector is split in half lengthwise effecting variable concentration and or changing input light angles. Very interesting!!)
US2010-0206303	2009	Concentrator Trough	Thorne; Steve	Solar Concentrator Truss Assemblies (60 degree Trough with 2X concentration) 60 degree Trough
		Concentrator TroughFresnel
US3861379	1974	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Anderson; Henry	Low Profile Solar Ray Concentrator (LFR, Linear Fresnel Reflector.) Linear Fresnel Reflector
US20120160302	2011	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Citron; Jeffrey Michael jsee <jseeaz1@yahoo.com>	Trough Shaped Fresnel Reflector Solar Concentrator (Fresnel Parabolic Trough generally in the form of a "V".) Fresnel Parabolic Trough
US4476593	1984	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Fanselow; Dan L. Cobb, Jr.; Sanford Bergsten; Ronald E.	Tanning blanket (3M Flat sheet with reflective embedded sawtoot patern. Fanselow is from my home town of White Bear Lake.)
US4519384	1985	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Murtha; R. Michael <rmmurtha@aol.com>	Concentrating solar beam collector PV Concentrator
US6021007	2000	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Murtha; R. Michael <rmmurtha@aol.com>	Side-collecting lightguide Flat Plastic Sheet
US3868823	1975	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Russell, Jr.; John L. DePlomb	Concentrator, Method, and System for Utilizing Radiant Energy (Describes a stationary Fresnel trough where the receiver tube moves in a circular arc) Russell Trough
US4281640	1981	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Wells; David N. <laseraxe@erols.com >	Electromagnetic radiation collector system (One of David Wells' patents. Related to an LFR, Linear Fresnel Reflector.) Fresnel Double Trough Fresnel Double Trough
US5592932	1997	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Yeomans	Radiant energy collecting apparatus (Similar to Wells) Fresnel Double Trough
US5309893	1994	Concentrator Trough Fresnel	Yeomans	Solar energy collecting apparatus Fresnel Double Trough
		concrete		Construction
US1123261	1908	Concrete	Edison; Thomas A.	Mold for concrete construction. 40.694458,-74.264198
US1219272	1908	Concrete	Edison; Thomas A.	Process of constructing concrete buildings. 40.694458,-74.264198
US1326854	1917	Concrete	Edison; Thomas A.	Apparatus for the production of concrete structures 40.694458,-74.264198
		cooling		Cooling or Air Conditioning
US5647221	1997	Cooling Ejector	Garris, Jr.; Charles A.	Pressure exchanging ejector and refrigeration apparatus and method
		dental		Relating to Dental Devices
US5076302	1991	Dental Floss Coater	Chari; Srinivas R.	Apparatus for and method of dispensing dental floss A closure for a container, which closure houses a supply of dental floss. The closure is adapted for dispensing the dental floss, and may include a tab extending downwardly from the closure for diverting the dental floss towards the interior of the container. In this manner, the diverted dental floss may be wetted by the contents of the container Dental Floss Coater
US2128701	1938	Suture Dispenser	Gelinsky; Ernst	Method and apparatus for preserving sterile material for medicinal purposes ready for use Suture Dispenser
US5582195	1996	Dental Floss Coater	Nagel; Richard R.	Device for dispensing both dental floss and mouthwash A closure which allows the dispensing of mouthwash and the dispensing of dental floss from a single container. Dental Floss Coater
US6705328	2004	Dental Floss Coater	Ramirez; Jose E.	Methods to impregnate and dispense floss using novel dental floss dispensers Improved dental floss dispensers that impregnate floss with fluids and/or solids have been developed. One dental floss dispenser consists of a tube that holds a roll of dental floss separated from the main chamber by either a disc or a bag. Dental Floss Coater
US6926010	2005	Dental Floss Coater	Sofie; Walter Francis	A device for coating dental floss with toothpaste The device has a main body which has a chamber for containing a floss spool and a female stem to receive a tube of toothpaste, a floss spool disposed within the chamber, a threaded male stem, a spool chamber cover, a floss passage block which has two openings of different sizes, and a cut-off tang. ( Todd and I are looking into working with this gur to injection mold his parts. Cool Huh!!! ) Dental Floss Coater
		electronics		Electronic Circuits
US5689196	1995	Level Translator	Schutte; Herman	Circuit comprising a data communication bus (I2C bus level translator by Phillips/NXP I2C manuel) I2C bus level translator
US6617913	2001	H-bridge	Johnson; Duane C. <redrok@redrok.com>	Self-latching H-bridge system and apparatus (My patent for Unisys) H-bridge
		EMI		EMI / RFI Supression components
US5473110	1995	EMI	Johnson; Duane C. <redrok@redrok.com>	Magnetically-attachable EMI shielding cover for attenuating electromagnetic emanation (My patent for Unisys) Magnetic EMI cover
US5869788	1999	EMI	Gordon; Arnold S. Estes; Mark K. Andrejko; Roman	Weighing scale with EMI/RFI shielding (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US6483024	2000	EMI	Smithson; Harry G. Dean; Steven J.	Panel gasket (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US6672902	2001	EMI	Skinner; Stephen D. Chang; Steve Y. Heck; Howard L. Ji; Yun	Reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) emissions (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US6812413	2002	EMI	Kats; Vyacheslav D. Gordon; Arnold S.	Electronic weighing apparatus utilizing surface acoustic waves (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US6987461	2002	EMI	Loughry; Robert Joseph	System and method for addressing optical emanations from an information Processing Device (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7053319	2002	EMI	Kats; Vyacheslav D. Gordon; Arnold S.	Electronic weighing apparatus utilizing surface acoustic waves using sensors operating at different frequencies, having temperature compensation, and a push oscillator (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US6816372	2003	EMI	Huettner; Cary Michael Justin; Jeffrey L. O'Connell; Michael Desmond Peters; Kenneth Robert Vande Corput; Gregory Scott	System, method and apparatus for noise and heat suppression, and for managing cables in a computer system (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
		TransientFiltering		Transient Filtering
US6717389	2001	Transient Filtering	Johnson; Duane C. <redrok@redrok.com>	Method and apparatus for current controlled transient reduction in a voltage Regulator (My patent for Unisys) Transient Filtering
US7005867	2003	Transient Filtering	Hashimoto; Yoshihiro	Power supply circuit and testing device (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7202651	2006	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	System and method for providing digital pulse width modulation (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7239115	2005	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Roark; Dennis R.	Digital pulse width modulation controller with preset filter coefficients (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7249267	2004	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	Method and system for communicating filter compensation coefficients for a digital power control system (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7266709	2006	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail	Method and system for controlling an array of point-of-load regulators and auxiliary devices (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7315156	2005	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	System and method for controlling output-timing parameters of power converters (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7315157	2006	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	ADC transfer function providing improved dynamic regulation in a switched mode power supply (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7327149	2005	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	Bi-directional MOS current sense circuit (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7372682	2004	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	System and method for managing fault in a power system (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7373527	2002	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	System and method for interleaving point-of-load regulators (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7394236	2006	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Roark; Dennis R.	Digital double-loop output voltage regulation (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7394445	2005	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail	Digital power manager for controlling and monitoring an array of point-of-load regulators (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7456617	2005	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail Roark; Dennis R.	System for controlling and monitoring an array of point-of-load regulators by a host (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7459892	2005	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	System and method for controlling a point-of-load regulator (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7493504	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	System and method for interleaving point-of-load regulators (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7526660	2005	Transient Filtering	Thaker; Mahesh Natverlal Chapuis; Alain	Voltage set point control scheme (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7551416	2005	Transient Filtering	Chou; Ching-Ling	Power supply equipped with an independent overload protection mechanism (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7554310	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Roark; Dennis R.	Digital double-loop output voltage regulation (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7554778	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	System and method for managing fault in a power system (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7565559	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	Method and system for communicating filter compensation coefficients for a digital power control system (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7583487	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	System and method for managing fault in a power system (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7586367	2007	Transient Filtering	De Lima Filho; Jader Alves	Current sensor device (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7603572	2006	Transient Filtering	Berthold; Jörg Henzler; Stephan	Voltage stabilizer stabilizing the voltage of a power line wherein power consumption elements are individually activated based on a quantity of currents to be drained (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7646382	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail	Digital power manager for controlling and monitoring an array of point-of-load regulators (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7673157	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail	Method and system for controlling a mixed array of point-of-load regulators through a bus translator (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7710092	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Lei; Shuyu	Self tracking ADC for digital power supply control systemsr (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7719293	2007	Transient Filtering	Farkas; Sandor	System and method for current measurement (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7737961	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail	Method and system for controlling and monitoring an array of point-of-load regulators (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7743266	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain	Method and system for optimizing filter compensation coefficients for a digital power control system (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7782026	2005	Transient Filtering	Silvestre; Josep Montanyà	Regulator circuit and corresponding uses (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7782029	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail Roark; Dennis R.	Method and system for controlling and monitoring an array of point-of-load regulators (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7834613	2008	Transient Filtering	Ziegler; Silvio Gammenthaler; Peter Chapuis; Alain	Isolated current to voltage, voltage to voltage converter (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7836322	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail	System for controlling an array of point-of-load regulators and auxiliary devices (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7877036	2008	Transient Filtering	Kim; Dong-kyu Kim; Min-seon	Power supply device and image forming apparatus having the same (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7882372	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail	Method and system for controlling and monitoring an array of point-of-load regulators (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7994766	2008	Transient Filtering	De Lima Filho; Jader Alves Pimenta; Wallace A.	Differential current sensor device and method (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US8086874	2007	Transient Filtering	Chapuis; Alain Guz; Mikhail	Method and system for controlling an array of point-of-load regulators and auxiliary devices (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US8218995	2010	Transient Filtering	Kim; Dong-kyu Kim; Min-seon	Power supply device and image forming apparatus having the same (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
		H-bridge		H-bridge
US6617913	2001	H-bridge	Johnson; Duane C. <redrok@redrok.com>	Self-latching H-bridge system and apparatus (My patent for Unisys)
US6753717	2001	H-bridge	Inoue; Koichi Osuka; Takao	H-bridge driver (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US6798271	2003	H-bridge	Swize; Gregory Emil	Clamping circuit and method for DMOS drivers (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US6989643	2003	H-bridge	Komaromi; Patrick Svobodnik; Gregor	Electrical drive apparatus which can be operated via a full-bridge circuit, with a different load depending on the drive direction (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7358693	2005	H-bridge	Choi; Yong-won Lee; Yo-han	Motor drive control device (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7400106	2005	H-bridge	DeCicco; John Kovarik; Illya	Method and apparatus for providing torque limit feedback in a power drill (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7487844	2006	H-bridge	DeCicco; John Pozgay; David Kovarik; Illya	Drill with solid state speed control (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7616046	2002	H-bridge	Van Bijnen; Johannes Henricus De La Rambelje; Peter Humphrey	System comprising an electrical bridge for generating an electrical signal for a load and a control unit for such a system (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7708085	2006	H-bridge	DeCicco; John Kovarik; Illya Pozgay; David	Articulating drill with optical speed control and method of operation (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7817450	2009	H-bridge	Fornage; Martin	Method and apparatus for resetting a silicon controlled rectifier bridge (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7861796	2009	H-bridge	DeCicco; John Pozgay; David Kovarik; Illya	Method of operating drill with solid state speed control (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
US7926585	2009	H-bridge	Pozgay; David Krondorfer; Harald Freese; John B.	Method and apparatus for an articulating drill (This patent references my patent. See Johnson)
		engine		Heat Engines
US5027602	1991	Engine Carnot	Glen; John S. Edwards; Thomas C.	Heat engine, refrigeration and heat pump cycles approximating the Carnot cycle and apparatus therefor
US5819554	1998	Engine Carnot	Glen; John Stewart	Rotating vane compressor with energy recovery section, operating on a cycle approximating the ideal reversed Carnot cycle
US4691523	1987	Engine Carnot	Rosado; Serafin M.	Thermodynamic process for a practical approach to the Carnot cycle
US4419617	1983	Engine Curie Point	Reitz; Ronald P.	Thermally electrogenerative storage cell and generator apparatus
US7160639	2003	Engine Johnson	Johnson; Lonnie G. Muller; James R.	Johnson reversible engine (Direct heat to electric conversion through an electrochemical cell, Johnson Thermo-Electrochemical Converter System, JTEC.) Solar to electric
US5916140	1999	Engine Liquid	Hageman	Hydraulic engine powered by introduction and removal of heat from a working fluid (Sounds like a Malone engine, liquid fluid version of a Stirling Engine)
US5899067	1999	Engine Liquid	Hageman	Hydraulic engine powered by introduction and removal of heat from a working fluid (Sounds like a Malone engine, liquid fluid version of a Stirling Engine)
US4428193	1984	Engine Magnetic	Papp; Joseph	Inert gas fuel, fuel preparation apparatus and system for extracting useful work from the fuel
US6094915	2000	Engine Otto	Negre; Guy Negre; Cyril	Method and devices for eliminating the pollution of cyclic internal combustion engines with an independent combustion chamber (Internal combustion gasoline engine burning the fuel with compressed air. Apparently this company uses this patent MDI, Motor Development International)
US5765387	1998	Engine Rankine	Amin	Device and method for thermal transfer using air as the working medium (See: Entropy Systems)
US5547341	1995	Engine Rankine	Amin	Device for thermal transfer using air as the working medium (See: Entropy Systems)
US3750393	1973	Engine Rotary	Minto; Wallace L. Keller	Prime mover system
US5236349	1993	Engine Turbine	Fabris	Two-phase reaction turbine
US4332520	1982	Engine Turbine	House	Velocity pump reaction turbine
US4627241	1986	Engine Uniflow	Johnston	Closed loop solar collector system powering a self-starting uniflow steam engine Solar Rankine
US4134264	1979	Engine Vapor	Baer; Stephen C.	Double bubble wheel engine (Similar to the Minto Wheel. Zomeworks The "Minto Wonder Wheel" is horribly low in efficiency due to the wasted energy needed to heat and cool the thermal mass of the liquid just to get expansion of the gas. Baer attempts to minimize the heating of the liquid and maximize the heating of the gas. Though not perfect, Baer's design is much better than Minto's. Minto didn't patent his wheel claiming to give it to the world. Actually he gave it away as it was never going to be very useful except in very special applications such as a moving sculpture.) Solar Brayton Engine Minto Wonder Wheel
US4195481	1980	Engine Vapor	Gregory; Alvin L.	Power plant (Similar concept to Roesel) Liquid Piston Rankine Engine
US3901033	1975	Engine Vapor	McAlister; Roy E.	Vapor pressurized hydrostatic drive (Similar concept to Roesel)
US3636706	1972	Engine Vapor	Minto; Wallace L.	Heat-to-power conversion method and apparatus
US3608311	1971	Engine Vapor	Roesel; John F. JR.	Engine (This is a pair of half filled columns of liquid. Above the liquid is a compressible fluid. Hot and cold liquid is alternately sprayed into the fluid causing pressure changes. This is escentially a Brayton Engine.) Solar Brayton Engine
		flatplate		Flat Plate Solar Collectors
US4226506	1980	Flat Plate	Auger; Robert H.	Swiveling solar reflector with multiple reflecting elements supported by prefabricated cambered members Swiveling Collector
US4676225	1987	Flat Plate	Bartera; Ralph	Method and apparatus for enhancing the pumping action of a geyser pumped tube Flat Plate
US4478211	1984	Flat Plate	Haine; Eldon Bartera; Ralph	Self-pumping solar heating system with geyser pumping action (I think this is the Copper Cricket) Flat Plate
US4246890	1981	Flat Plate	Kraus; Robert A. Kraus; Edmund J.	Passive solar heater fluid pump system (This pump uses a 2 pipe heat pipe to exchange heat from the thermal transfer fluid to the heated water) Flat Plate
US4458669	1984	Flat Plate	Lee; Kap-Joong	Building heating system Water Heater
US4419981	1983	Flat Plate	Mori; Kei	Sun tracking apparatus Tracker
US6223743	2001	Flat Plate	Prueitt; Melvin L.	Solar power generation and energy storage system (Solar Energy Limited) Inflatable
US4357932	1982	Flat Plate	Stacy; W. Dodd	Self pumped solar energy collection system (Uses a kind of single tube heat pipe.) Solar Water Heater
		heatpipe		Heat Pipes (Basicly, HeatPipes are mostly filled with vapor, and Bubble Pumps are mostly filled with liquid.)
US3618569	1971	Heat Pipe	Baer; Stephen C.	Device for transferring heat from one portion of a water reservoir to another (Zomeworks) Pond Ice Melter
US4336837	1982	Heat Pipe	Koenig; Daniel R.	Entirely passive heat pipe apparatus capable of operating against gravity (Incorporates a bubble pump to bring condensed liquid to the top.) Up Side Down
US5190098	1993	Heat Pipe	Long; Erwin L.	Thermosyphon with evaporator having rising and falling sections Two Pipe
US4357932	1982	Heat Pipe	Stacy; W. Dodd	Self pumped solar energy collection system (Uses a kind of single tube heat pipe.) Solar Water Heater
US4082109	1979	Heat Pipe	Sun; Tsu-Hung Basiulis; Algerd	Heat pipe actuated valve Valve
US3817321	1974	Heat Pipe	von Cube; Hans-Ludwig Wagner; Edmund	Cooling apparatus semiconductor elements, comprising partitioned bubble pump, separator and condenser means Heat Sink
		hydrogen		Hydrogen
US4391793	1983	Hydrogen	Boese	Plant for thermochemical water dissociation by solar energy (Magnetic ion separation) Magnetic
US4342738	1982	Hydrogen	Burgund	Hydrogen generation as fuel by use of solar ultraviolet light process (Sunlight is separated into its infrared portion and its ultraviolet light portion.)
US4588577	1986	Hydrogen	Cardinal	Method for generating hydrogen (Generation of hydrogen gas from hot water by means of a metallic catalyst such as nickel powder and a chelating agent such as EDTA)
US4071608	1978	Hydrogen	Diggs	Dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen using solar energy (Hydrogen and oxygen are separated from each other by centrifugal forces.) Centrifugation
US4310503	1982	Hydrogen	Erickson	Hydrogen production by multistaged intermediate oxidation-reduction (Steam is reformed to hydrogen in two or more successive stages by chemical reaction with intermediates, at least one of which is selected from tin, indium, germanium, molybdenum or WO2.)
US4053576	1977	Hydrogen	Fletcher	System for obtaining hydrogen and oxygen from water using solar energy (Separation through diffusion University of Minnesota) Diffusion
US4332775	1982	Hydrogen	Genequand Gross	Hydrogen generator utilizing solar energy to dissociate water (Separation through diffusion.) Diffusion
US4476105	1984	Hydrogen	Greenbaum	Process for photosynthetically splitting water (Photolytic reactor which contains a water-suspension of a photoactive material containing a hydrogen-liberating catalyst.)
US3980053	1976	Hydrogen	Horvath; Stephen	Fuel supply apparatus for internal combustion engines
US4490349	1984	Hydrogen	Horvath; Stephen	Hydrogen production (One of chamber walls is formed of a reactant such as iron which reacts exothermally with the superheated steam to liberate free hydrogen and to produce an oxidized compound such as ferric oxide. The other chamber wall is formed as a thin diffusion membrane permeable to hydrogen but relatively impermeable to steam and oxygen and hydrogen is extracted from the chamber by diffusion.)
US5658448	1997	Hydrogen	Lasich	Production of hydrogen from solar radiation at high efficiency (Solid oxide electrolysis.)
US5973825	1999	Hydrogen	Lasich	Production of hydrogen from solar radiation at high efficiency (Solid oxide electrolysis.)
US5589599	1996	Hydrogen	McMullen McMullen McMullen	Pyrolytic conversion of organic feedstock and waste
US4826581	1989	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Controlled process for the production of thermal energy from gases and apparatus useful therefore (Ya, the wacco run a car on water guy)
US4613779	1986	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Electrical pulse generator
US4613304	1986	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Gas electrical hydrogen generator
US4798661	1989	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Gas generator voltage control circuit
US4421474	1983	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Hydrogen gas burner
US4389981	1983	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Hydrogen gas injector system for internal combustion engine
US4936961	1990	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Method for the production of a fuel gas
US5149407	1992	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Process and apparatus for the production of fuel gas and the enhanced release of thermal energy from such gas
US4465455	1984	Hydrogen	Meyer; Stanley A.	Start-up/shut-down for a hydrogen gas burner
US6024935	2000	Hydrogen	Mills Good Phillips Popov	Lower-energy hydrogen methods and structures ( An example of a patent being granted to "crank" science )
US4233127	1980	Hydrogen	Monahan	Process and apparatus for generating hydrogen and oxygen using solar energy
US4011149	1977	Hydrogen	Nozik	Photoelectrolysis of water by solar radiation (thin film semiconductor.)
US4405594	1983	Hydrogen	Pyle; Walter R. <Hion solar>	Photo separatory nozzle (H-ION Solar) Separatory Nozzle
US4019868	1977	Hydrogen	Sebacher Sabol	Solar hydrogen generator (Separation through diffusion.)
US4595568	1986	Hydrogen	Van Damme Fripiat Nijs Marceau Francois	Photosensitive cell for the decomposition of water (Using catalysts)
US4696809	1987	Hydrogen	Vialaron Olalde Gauthier	Process and apparatus for thermolytically dissociating water (Rapid quenching of the gasses with cold water in the reaction cell.) Thermolysys of water
US5510201	1996	Hydrogen	Werth	Method of operating a fuel cell wherein hydrogen is generated by providing iron in situ (Using catalysts)
US3844262	1974	Hydrogen Oxygen	Dieges; Paul Bertrand	Vaporization of Exhaust Products in Hydrogen-oxygen Engine
US4880443	1989	Hydrogen Oxygen	Miller Theis	Molecular sieve oxygen concentrator with secondary oxygen purifier (Separation through diffusion.)
US5614460	1997	Hydrogen Storage	Schwarz Putyera Bandosz Jagiello	Microporous carbons for fuel gas storage (Hydrogen Storage)
		IC		Internal Combustion
US5794601	1998	IC Carburetor	Pantone	Fuel pretreater apparatus and method (The GEET carburetor)
		ignitor		Ignitors
US5798601	1998	Ignitor Piezoelectric	Hansen	Adjustable retrofit ignition kit for portable gas appliances (Hansen is from my home town of White Bear Lake.) Piezoelectric Ignitor
		instruments		Instrumentation
US1889490	1932	Instruments Camber Caster Gauge	Phelps; Clyde H.	TOOL FOR MEASURING CAMBER OF WHEELS AND CASTER OF KING PINS (I got one of these at a garage sale. Cool!!) Camber Caster Gauge
US4343191	1982	Instruments Flowmeter	Cairenius	Fluid flow meter
US4462262	1984	Instruments Flowmeter	Kahnke	Fluid flow sensing system (A ball rotating about a circular track By Honeywell)
US4331036	1982	Instruments Flowmeter	Severson Volk	Fluid flowmeter (A ball rotating about a circular track By Honeywell)
US4015116	1977	Instruments Solar	Bahm	Measurement of solar radiation
US4609288	1986	Instruments Solar	Dodge	Direct ray solar meter and method XYZ Light Meter
US3875404	1975	Instruments Solar	Fletcher Fletcher	Wide angle sun sensor
US3876880	1975	Instruments Solar	Guicherd	Pyranometer for the measurement of solar radiation
US4719344	1988	Instruments Solar	Hiroyuki	Method of and apparatus for measuring amount of solar radiation received directly
US4253764	1981	Instruments Solar	Morrill	Solar energy metering and recording system
US5861947	1999	Instruments Solar	Neumann	Measuring device for measuring concentrated radiation of light
US4110049	1978	Instruments Solar	Younskevicius	Sun meter Sun meter
US4560286	1985	Instruments Temperature	Wickersheim	Optical temperature measurement techniques utilizing phosphors (Luxtron)
		insulation		Insulation
US4231202	1980	Insulation Bead Wall	Dube; Marcel	Double-glazed building panel and filling system
US3903665	1975	Insulation Bead Wall	Harrison	Heat energy transmission control panel (Beadwall from Zomeworks)
US4306387	1981	Insulation Bead Wall	Hopkins Hardee	Controllable insulating effects by selective interposition of insulating particles in a cavity of an energy transmission panel assembly
US4147002	1979	Insulation Bead Wall	Kautz	Light valve system and greenhouse utilizing the same
US4370837	1983	Insulation Bead Wall	Larguia	Arrangement for selectively changing the radiation and vibration transmission properties of panels
US4446850	1982	Insulation Bead Wall	Zilisch	Solar panel with storage
US4562674	1982	Insulation Bubble Wall	Nelson	Replaceable foam insulation system
US3672184	1972	Insulation Bubble Wall	Zeilon; Sten Olof	Apparatus for thermally insulating a body
US4467786	1984	Insulation Coverites	Sorensen; Jens	Solar heating of water utilizing coverites. (Insulation for a solar pond)
		lighting		Lighting
US4533317	1985	Lighting Mantles	Addison	Yttrium oxide mantles for fuel-burning lanterns (Coleman)
US5116220	1992	Lighting Mantles	Kinzel Warren	Quick disconnect clip for gas latern mantle (Warren is from my home town of White Bear Lake.) Warkinz Industries Mantle
US5639231	1997	Lighting Mantles	May Murray Swearingen Taylor Van Driest	Mantle and spring clip assembly (Colemans attempt to circumvent the Kinzel patent. In my opinion this is an inferier clip which might cause one to break the other good mantle in a dual mantle lantern.) Colemans Mantle
US5261184	1993	Lighting Solar	Appeldorn; Roger H. Jaster; Paul A Cobb, Jr.; Sanford	Skylight (Appeldorn is from my home town of White Bear Lake. 3M)
US4429952	1984	Lighting Solar	Dominguez; Richard L.	Tracking reflector assembly for a skylight (Flat Mirror)
US4883340	1989	Lighting Solar	Dominguez; Richard L.	Solar lighting reflector apparatus having slatted mirrors and improved tracker (Fresnel Flat Mirror) Heliostat Tracker
USD364469	1994	Lighting Solar	Eijadi Abraham DeKeyser Hansen	Skylight (Abraham is from my home town of White Bear Lake.)
US4593976	1986	Lighting Solar	Eijadi Bennett	Solar illumination device
US4349245	1982	Lighting Solar	Kliman	Modular natural lighting system
US4720170	1988	Lighting Solar	Learn	Daylamp system (Fiberoptic and dish system)
US5560700	1996	Lighting Solar	Levens	Light coupler (Fiberoptic and dish system)
US4572613	1986	Lighting Solar	Mori; Kei	Method and apparatus for illuminating a spot inside of a tunnel of a highway (Fiberoptic and Luminescent(?) system) Light Pipe
US3709583	1973	Lighting Solar	Pfannkuch; Heinricta Saxburger; Adolf Schnebel; Fritz	Covering Device For Skylights Heliostat Skylight
US4788437	1988	Lighting Tritium	Urquhart Hart	Tritium light
		mechanical		Mechanical Devices
US5094562	1992	Mechanical Connectors	Anderson	Three-way clamp for structural assemblies (Robotic Originals.) Connector
US3834549	1974	Mechanical Connectors	Burg Lieberman Fiorenza	Structural system (Gordon Tube Products Company, Bronx, NY.) Connector
US4923322	1990	Mechanical Connectors	Burg	Clamped framework assembly and connectors used therewith (Uni Corp, Bronx, NY.)
US4864795	1989	Mechanical Connectors	Burg	Structural framework system and clamp assembly (Uni Corp, Bronx, NY.)
US5403110	1995	Mechanical Connectors	Sammann	Square T clamp assembly for elongate members (Connector for wooden assemplies See Timber Ventures.) Pipe Connector
US4007993	1977	Mechanical Connectors	Schwartz	Pipe coupler Pipe Connector
US5704374	1998	Mechanical Log Splitter	Abrahamsson	Hand-driven wood splitter (See Smart-Splitter) Wood Splitter
US4423759	1884	Mechanical Log Splitter	Seeger	Electrically powered log splitter (Nut and screw type)
		medical		Medical Devices
US6169924	2001	Medical Orgasmatron	Meloy; T. Stuart Martin; W. Joseph	Spinal cord stimulation (A method for spinal cord stimulation to treat orgasmic dysfunction. An Orgasmatron like in Woody Allen movie "Sleeper". (See Medtronic) Orgasmatron
US4084595	1978	Medical TENS	Miller	Transcutaneous nerve stimulator (TENS) (I met this guy once. As I recall, Medtronics purchased the rights to the TENS. They did nothing to market or develop the device. Miller sued Medtronics for failure to market. Miller regained his patent rights and succesfuly marketed the TENS. He didn't have to return the $150,000 to Medtronics. I might have some details incorrect as it's been a long time. (See Medtronic) TENS Schematic
US5235967	1993	Medical Thumper	Arbisi Mitchell	Electro-magnetic impact massager
US4977889	1990	Medical Thumper	Budd	Fitting and tuning chest compression device (I repaired this device for Dr. Leland G. Hansen. University of Minnesota)
US5000164	1991	Medical Thumper	Cooper	Circulation enhancing apparatus
US5772613	1998	Medical Thumper	Gelfand Rothman	Cardiopulmonary resuscitation system with centrifugal compression pump (Cardiologic Systems, Inc.)
US5569170	1996	Medical Thumper	Hansen; Craig N.	Pulsator (Electromed, Inc.) Chest Thumper
US5453081	1995	Medical Thumper	Hansen; Craig N.	Pulsator Chest Thumper
US5871008	1999	Medical Thumper	Poon Kolandaivelu	Miniature high-frequency ventilator (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
US5769797	1998	Medical Thumper	Van Brunt Gagne	Oscillatory chest compression device (American Biosystems, Inc.)
US4838263	1991	Medical Thumper	Warwick Hansen; Leland G.	Chest compression apparatus (University of Minnesota )
US5056505	1991	Medical Thumper	Warwick Hansen; Leland G.	Chest compression apparatus (University of Minnesota )
US4982735	1991	Medical Thumper	Yagata Noguchi	Artificial ventilator (Sumitomo Bakelite Company Limited)
		MHDG		MagnetoHydroDynamic Generators
US4847525	1989	MHDG	Blumenau	Methods and systems for magnetohydrodynamic power conversion
US4275318	1981	MHDG	Duncan	Magnetohydrodynamic method and apparatus for converting solar radiation to electrical energy
US4200815	1980	MHDG	Petrick Pierson Schreine	MHD Generating system
US4773144	1988	MHDG	Youtie	Method of manufacture of scroll compressors and expanders
US4599551	1986	MHDG Acoustic	Wheatley Swift Migliori	Thermoacoustic magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator MHD
US4395648	1983	MHDG Electrothermodynamic	Marks	Electrothermodynamic (ETD) power converter ( OK, this isn't MHD. Its electrostatic instead of megmetic. )
US5337560	1994	MHDG Gas	Abdelmalek	Shock absorber and a hermetically sealed scroll gas expander for a vehicular gas compression and expansion power system
US4287443	1981	MHDG Liquid	Aladiev Dzhamardzhashvili	Liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic converter
US4191901	1980	MHDG Liquid	Branover	Method and system for converting solar energy into electricity (LMMHD See Hydromag International Association for Hydromagnetic Phenomena and Applications. Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.) LMMHD
US4486701	1984	MHDG Liquid	Cover	Thermal energy conversion
US5637934	1997	MHDG Liquid	Fabris	High expansion magnetohydrodynamic liquid metal generator of electricity
US4183744	1980	MHDG Liquid	Fischer Johnson	Method of foaming a liquid metal
US5473205	1995	MHDG Liquid	Haaland	Double-duct liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic engine
US5637935	1997	MHDG Liquid	Haaland	Double-duct liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic engine
US4388542	1983	MHDG Liquid	Lovelace Lee Hohl	Solar driven liquid metal MHD power generator
US3155850	1964	MHDG Liquid	Meyer	MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC VOLTAGE GENERATOR
US4454865	1984	MHDG Liquid	Tammen	Liquid metal solar power system LMMHD
US3453462	1969	MHDG Liquid	Yih-Yun Hsu Berea Dunning	SLUG FLOW MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC GENERATOR (This looks closest to the video I saw on TV years ago.)
US4831289	1989	MHDG Two Phase	Blumenau	Gas compression using a two-phase MHD channel
US5614773	1997	MHDG Two Phase	Fabris	Generator section of a two-phase flow liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator (LMMHD)
US3878410	1975	MHDG Two Phase	Petrick Cutting Amend Cole	Two-phase liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic generator
US3158764	1964	MHDG Two Phase	Elliott	Two-Fluid magnetohydrodynamic system and Method for Thermal-Electric Power Conversion
		MHDP		MagnetoHydroDynamic Pumps
		MPPT		Maximum Power Point Trackers
US4580090	1986	MPPT	Bailey Haver	Maximum power tracker (Open loop controller with photo sensor input.) Open Loop
US5677833	1997	MPPT	Bingley	Power conditioning system for a four quadrant photovoltaic array with an inverter for each array quadrant (Multiple inverters for power transmittion)
US5493204	1996	MPPT	Caldwell	Negative impedance peak power tracker (Very slick circuit in its simplicity. I don't understand how it works?)
US4604567	1996	MPPT	Chetty	Maximum power transfer system for a solar cell array (MPPT is controlled by PV open circuit voltage.) Open Loop
US4390940	1983	MPPT	Corbefin Vacelet	Process and system for producing photovoltaic power
US5604430	1983	MPPT	Decker Baxter Lerner Campbell Rosenthal Cook	Solar array maximum power tracker with arcjet load (MPPT powered by solar PV and drive a highly non linear plasma arcjet. Used for spacecraft propultion.)
US5847549	1998	MPPT	Dodson	Power converter stabilization loop (Conventional design with the addition of a stabilization loop. Used to power telephone equipment from the line.)
US5293447	1994	MPPT	Fanney Dougherty	Photovoltaic solar water heating system (a very simple multi stage loading mechanism using an open loop PV sensor)
US5327071	1994	MPPT	Frederick Jermakian	Microprocessor control of multiple peak power tracking DC/DC converters for use with solar cell arrays
US4175249	1979	MPPT	Gruber	Self reconfiguring solar cell system Series / Parallel combinations
US5867011	1999	MPPT	Jo Kim	Maximum power point detecting circuit (Neat circuit generates a PWM signal for the switching power comverter. The patent also describes several earlier circuits)
US4916382	1990	MPPT	Kent	System for maximizing efficiency of power transfer (Water pumping controller)
US4873480	1989	MPPT	Lafferty	Coupling network for improving conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power source
US5027051	1991	MPPT	Lafferty	Photovoltaic source switching regulator with maximum power transfer efficiency without voltage change (Good description of a circuit that both maximizes power transfer while maintaining a regulated output voltage)
US4204147	1980	MPPT	Larrabee	Power transfer apparatus (Uses stepping motor controlled Variac to match PV array to load) Variac modulated converter
US5923100	1999	MPPT	Lukens Moser	Apparatus for controlling a solar array power system (This isn't new. It uses an XOR and FF to arbitrate power control. I built one of these in the '70s to controll a wind generator. I still have the PC board.)
US5801519	1998	MPPT	Midya Krein Turnbull	Self-excited power minimizer/maximizer for switching power converters and switching motor drive applications (Uses an AD633 analog multipler) AD633
US5869956	1999	MPPT	Nagao Fukae Takehara Kurokami	Solar power generation apparatus and power control device therefor
US3566143	1971	MPPT	Paine Cherdak Douglas	Maximum Power Point Tracker
US4404472	1983	MPPT	Steigerwald	Maximum power control for a solar array connected to a load
US4494180	1985	MPPT	Streater Dwyer	Electrical power matching system
US3696286	1972	MPPT	Ule	System for Detecting and Utilizing the Maximum Available Power From Solar Cells
US5001415	1991	MPPT	Watkinson	Electrical power apparatus for controlling the supply of electrical power from an array of photovoltaic cells to an electrical head (Open loop controller)
US4525633	1985	MPPT	Wertheim Herbermann	Wind turbine maximum power tracking device
US4868379	1989	MPPT	West	Photovoltaic array with two-axis power maximization tracking (Maximizes PV array power output by driving the 2 axes of the mount. Not a true MPPT)
		optics		Optics
US5927272	1999	Optics	Robertson	Combination solar powered cigarette lighter and telescope
		pneumatic		Air powered equipment
US4478304	1984	Pneumatic Engine	Delano	Compressed air power engine
US5375417	1994	Pneumatic Engine	Barth	Method of and means for driving a pneumatic engine
US5515675	1996	Pneumatic Engine	Bindschatel	Apparatus to convert a four-stroke internal combustion engine to a two-stroke pneumatically powered engine
US4292804	1981	Pneumatic Engine	Rogers	Method and apparatus for operating an engine on compressed gas
US4942736	1990	Pneumatic Solar	Bronicki	Method of and apparatus for producing power from solar energy Solar Turbine
US5448889	1995	Pneumatic Solar	Bronicki	Method of and apparatus for producing power using compressed air Solar Turbine
US6044924	2000	Pneumatic Vehicle Air	Adli	Hot compressed gas powered vehicle
US4370857	1983	Pneumatic Vehicle Air	Miller; Terry R.	Pneumatic system for compressed air driven vehicle (Miller, now deceased, built several cars in Joplin, Missouri. These were based on a Ford Escorts chases. The engine was composed of 2 halves. Each half has two double acting cylinders in series for a total of 4 expansions. Each half was geared up, yes geared up 18 to 1, and directly connected to each front wheel. The storage tank was a light weight fiberglass pressurized to 3500psi. The high pressure was reduced through an expansion pressure regulator to 500psi. The engine power was controlled by a throttling valve to 0 to 500psi.) Air powered car
US4294323	1981	Pneumatic Vehicle Nitrogen	Boese	Cryogenic powered vehicle
US4106581	1978	Pneumatic Vehicle Nitrogen	West Lee Noris	Vehicle utilizing cryogenic fuel Air powered car
		polla		Inventions of Dennis Polla
US5454904	1995	Polla	Ghezzo Saia Bagepalli Imam Polla; Dennis L.	Micromachining methods for making micromechanical moving structures including multiple contact switching system (General Electric Company)
US5374792	1994	Polla	Ghezzo Saia Bagepalli Imam Polla; Dennis L.	Micromechanical moving structures including multiple contact switching system (General Electric Company)
US5367585	1994	Polla	Ghezzo Yakymyshyn Saia Polla; Dennis L.	Integrated microelectromechanical polymeric photonic switch (General Electric Company)
US4608865	1986	Polla	Muller Polla; Dennis L.	Integrated pyroelectric sensor and method (University of California)
US5607433	1997	Polla	Polla; Dennis L. Costin Erdman Peichel	Foldable lens delivery system (Micro Medical Devices)
US5800441	1998	Polla	Polla; Dennis L. Costin Erdman Peichel	Foldable lens delivery system (Micro Medical Devices)
US5914507	1999	Polla	Polla; Dennis L. Kim	PZT microdevice (University of Minnesota)
US5629577	1998	Polla	Polla; Dennis L. Peichel Erdman Costin	Miniature linear motion actuator (Micro Medical Devices)
US5209119	1993	Polla	Polla; Dennis L. Tamagawa	Microdevice for sensing a force (University of Minnesota)
US5536963	1996	Polla	Polla; Dennis L.	Microdevice with ferroelectric for sensing or applying a force (University of Minnesota)
US5208880	1993	Polla	Riza Polla; Dennis L.	Microdynamical fiber-optic switch and method of switching using same (General Electric Company)
US5466932	1995	Polla	Young Freidhoff Polla; Dennis L. Schiller	Micro-miniature piezoelectric diaphragm pump for the low pressure pumping of gases (Westinghouse Electric Corp.)
US5714837	1998	Polla	Zurn Schiller Polla; Dennis L.	Vertical field emission devices and methods of fabrication with applications to flat panel displays
		power		Power Amplifiers, Converters, Inverters, and Power Factor Correction
US4554512	1985	Power Amplifier	Aiello	Switching amplifier with MOSFET driver circuit
US5225789	1993	Power Amplifier	Caine Kimbrough	Four quadrant current mode switching amplifier
US4096557	78	Power Amplifier	Schwarz	Controllable four quadrant a.c. to a.c. and d.c. converter employing an internal high frequency series resonant link
US4171512	1983	Power Bipolar	Tsuda; Shin	Circuit for preventing breakdown of a load resulting from wrong connection of a power source (Reverse battery protection circuit using power bipolar transistor. Works in a similar way to Zaidenweber,4423456. It uses the transistor a kind of backwards way with the collector and emitter swapped to get started.)
US4399499	1983	Power Converter	Butcher Chan Lind	Bi-lateral four quadrant power converter
US4184197	1980	Power Converter	Cuk Middlebrook	DC-to-DC switching converter
US5903448	1999	Power Converter	Davila	Four quadrant flyback converter, method of operation thereof and power plant employing the same
US5726870	1998	Power Converter	Lavieville Bethoux Carrere Meynard	Electronic circuit for converting electrical energy
US4439718	1984	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Motor power control circuit for A.C. induction motors
US5404093	1995	Power Factor Correction	Cowett	Low distortion alternating current output active power factor correction circuit using capacitor coupled bi-directional switching regulator
US4649287	1987	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Bidirectional control system for energy flow in solar powered flywheel
US4417190	1983	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Control system for an induction motor with energy recovery
US4473792	1984	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Coupling an induction motor type generator to A.C. power lines
US4388585	1983	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Electrical power generating system
US4644234	1987	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Four quadrant control circuit for a brushless three-phase d.c. motor
US4404511	1983	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Motor power factor controller with a reduced voltage starter
US4459528	1984	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Phase detector for three-phase power factor controller
US4266177	1981	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Power factor control system for AC induction motors
US4052648	1977	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Power factor control system for AC induction motors
US4489243	1984	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Solar powered actuator with continuously variable auxiliary power control
US4433276	1984	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Three phase power factor controller
US4469998	1984	Power Factor Correction	Nola; Frank J.	Three-phase power factor controller with induced emf sensing
US6043965	2000	Power MOSFET	Hazelton Strayer	Low loss reverse battery protection (Revearse battery protection circuit using a power MOSFET This is a slic use of the reverse current mode of operation in a power MOSSFET, similar to the simulated free wheeling diode in buck regulators.) Reversed Current Flow in MOSFET
US4423456	1983	Power MOSFET	Zaidenweber; Gary A.	Battery reversal protection (Revearse battery protection circuit using power MOSFETs in an interesting H bridge configuration Medtronic) Reversed Current Flow in MOSFET
		pump		Pumps
		bubblepump		(Basicly, Bubble Pumps are mostly filled with liquid, and HeatPipes are mostly filled with vapor.)
US4528976	1985	Pump Bubble	Baer; Stephen C.	Thermal Control System For Solar Collector (Technically not a bubble pump, actually gravity pumped by differential temperatures. The solar receiver dumps heat through a radiator when the system liquid volume exceeds a set point during over temperature conditions. Zomeworks)
US4676225	1987	Pump Bubble	Bartera; Ralph	Method and apparatus for enhancing the pumping action of a geyser pumped tube Flat Plate
US4212593	1980	Pump Bubble	Chadwick; Duane	Heat-powered water pump (Thermally powered pump. The heat is used to vaporize fluid which acts as a kind of piston to effect pumping with a pair of check valves) Water Pump
US4478211	1984	Pump Bubble	Haine; Eldon Bartera; Ralph	Self-pumping solar heating system with geyser pumping action (I think this is the Copper Cricket) Flat Plate
US4246890	1981	Pump Bubble	Kraus; Robert A. Kraus; Edmund J.	Passive solar heater fluid pump system (This pump uses a 2 pipe heat pipe to exchange heat from the thermal transfer fluid to the heated water) Flat Plate
US4959526	1990	Pump Bubble	Kurachi; Yasuhiko Mori; Kazumi Koizumi; Hisao	Storage type electric water heater having a closed circulation loop with a bubble pump (Electric hot water heater. The pump works like the vertical type engine block heaters.) Water Heater With Bubble Pump
US4552208	1985	Pump Bubble	Sorensen; Wilfred <bubbleactionpumps@cogeco.ca>	Heat actuated system for circulating heat transfer fluids Bubble Action Pumps Ltd. Sorensen's bubble pump Solar Water
US4607688	1986	Pump Bubble	Sorensen; Wilfred <bubbleactionpumps@cogeco.ca>	Autogenous solar water heater Bubble Action Pumps Ltd. Sorensen's bubble pump Solar Water
US5351488	1994	Pump Bubble	Sorensen; Wilfred <bubbleactionpumps@cogeco.ca>	Solar energy generator (Bubble Action Pumps Ltd.   Box 1, 121 Counter St.   Kingston, Ontario   Canada  K7K 6C7) Bubble Action Pumps Ltd. Sorensen's bubble pump YouTube video Anamation Solar Water
US3817321	1974	Pump Bubble	von Cube; Hans-Ludwig Wagner; Edmund	Cooling apparatus semiconductor elements, comprising partitioned bubble pump, separator and condenser means Heat Sink
US7798140	2010	Pump Bubble	van Houten; Arnoud	Adaptive Self Pumping Solar Hot Heating System with Overheat Protection (Overtemp function is related to Steve Baer above.) Flat Plate
US5080559	1992	Pump Electric	Abbin; Joseph P. Andraka; Charles E. Lukens; Laurance L. Moreno; James B.	Liquid metal electric pump LMMHD
US3566901	1971	Pump Feed Active	Swedberg	Fuel regulating valve
US4627241	1986	Pump Feed Passive	Johnston	Closed loop solar collector system powering a self-starting uniflow steam engine Solar Rankine
US4397300	1983	Pump Feed Passive	Johnston	Closed loop solar collector system with dual chamber fluid supply arrangement Solar Water
US5685152	1997	Pump Feed Passive	Sterling; Jeffrey Stephen <info@sterlingsolar.com>	Apparatus and method for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy (Solar collector thermal storage and heat engine system. Very interesting feed liquid pimp with no movind parts. Feed water. Sterling Thermal Power) Liquid Feed Pump
US5974804	1999	Pump Feed Passive	Sterling; Jeffrey Stephen <info@sterlingsolar.com>	Apparatus and method for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy (Solar collector thermal storage and heat engine system. Very interesting feed liquid pimp with no movind parts. Feed water. Sterling Thermal Power) Liquid Feed Pump
US5203399	1993	Pump Pulse	Koizumi	Heat transfer apparatus
US4625790	1990	Pump Pulse	Okayasu	Heat transport apparatus
US5666814	1997	Pump Pulse	Yamamoto	Heat transfer system
		PV		Photovoltaics
US7141734	2005	PV	Fork; David K. Van Schuylenbergh; Koenraad F.	Alternating current solar power apparatus (An alternating current (AC) solar power apparatus includes a photovoltaic cell and a circuit or device for causing a signal generated by the photovoltaic cell to oscillate in a negative differential resistance range, thereby producing an AC output voltage.) AC PV Cell
US4488038	1984	PV	Harrison Tien	Phototransistor for long wavelength radiation
US5589599	1996	PV	McMullen McMullen McMullen	Pyrolytic conversion of organic feedstock and waste
US4946512	1990	PV Flat Plate	Fukuroi Yoshida Ohmura	Solar energy collector device (Roofing tiles with PV and water cooling for domeestic heat.)
US3948682	1976	PV High Voltage	Bordina Zadde Zaitseva et al	Semiconductor photoelectric generator
US4082570	1978	PV High Voltage	House Irvin Kane	High intensity solar energy converter Stacked PV
US4174561	1979	PV High Voltage	House Irvin Kane	Method of fabricating high intensity solar energy converter
US4042417	1977	PV High Voltage	Kaplow Frank	Photovoltaic system including a lens structure (Stacked edge illuminated cells) Stacked PV
US4174978	1979	PV High Voltage	Lidorenko Evdokimov Zadde et al	Semiconductor photovoltaic generator and method of fabricating thereof
US4228578	1980	PV High Voltage	Lin Gutsche Collier	Method for off-orientation point rotation sawing of crystalline rod material
US4332973	1982	PV High Voltage	Sater; Bernard L.	High intensity solar cell (Vertical Multi Junction edge illuminated cells) Stacked PV
US4409422	1983	PV High Voltage	Sater; Bernard L.	High intensity solar cell (Vertical Multi Junction edge illuminated cells) Stacked PV
US4516314	1985	PV High Voltage	Sater; Bernard L.	Method of making a high intensity solar cell (Vertical Multi Junction edge illuminated cells) Stacked PV
US5542203	1996	PV Sign	Luoma Blesener	Mobile sign with solar panel (ADDCO Blesener is from my home town of White Bear Lake.)
US5772793	1998	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Ashcroft Campbell DePoy	Tube-in-tube thermophotovoltaic generator
US5626687	1997	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Campbell	Thermophotovoltaic in-situ mirror cell
US5753050	1998	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Charache Baldasaro Egley	Thermophotovoltaic energy conversion device
US5932885	1999	PV Thermophotovoltaic	DeBellis Scotto Malloy Scoles Hindman Rogers	Thermophotovoltaic electric generator (McDermott Technology, Inc.)
US4877553	1989	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Diederich	Gas mantle technology (TPV Energy Systems, Inc.)
US5651838	1997	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Fraas Avery Samaras	Hydrocarbon fired room heater with thermophotovoltaic electric generator (JX Crystals Inc.)
US5512109	1996	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Fraas Seal West	Generator with thermophotovoltaic cells and hydrocarbon burner (JX Crystals Inc.)
US5616186	1997	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Fraas Williams Samaras	Thermophotovoltaic electric generator using low bandgap photovoltaic cells with a hydrocarbon burner and enhanced catalytic infrared emitter (JX Crystals Inc.)
US5560783	1996	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Hamlen	Thermophotovoltaic generator
US4707560	1987	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Hottel Nelson Parent	Thermophotovoltaic technology (TPV Energy Systems, Inc.)
US4750943	1988	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Nelson	Thermophotovoltaic system (TPV Energy Systems, Inc.)
US4584426	1986	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Nelson	Thermophotovoltaic technology (Gillette)
US4826426	1989	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Nelson	Thermophotovoltaic technology (TPV Energy Systems, Inc.)
US5797997	1998	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Noreen	Oxygen producing thermophotovoltaic systems
US5512108	1996	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Noreen	Thermophotovoltaic systems
US4836862	1989	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Pelka Popovich Fleishman	Thermophotovoltaic system
US5932029	1999	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Stone Schneider Schmitt	Solar thermophotovoltaic power conversion method and apparatus (McDonnell Douglas Corporation)
US4316048	1982	PV Thermophotovoltaic	Woodall	Energy conversion (IBM)
US4316448	1982	PV Trough	Dodge	Solar energy concentrator system (Similar to the Carrizo Planes defunct solar power station. The mirrors are set at 60 degrees.) 2X PV
		pyrolysis		Thermal cracking of feed stocks into combustible gases
		rankine		Rankine Heat Engines
US3901036	1975	Rankine Boiler	Martin	Two fluid solar boiler Solar Boiler
US4760705	1988	Rankine Boiler	Yogev Mahlab	Rankine cycle power plant with improved organic working fluid (Neucler powered power plant Ormat Turbines Ltd.) Solar Boiler
US5685152	1997	Rankine Engine	Sterling; Jeffrey Stephen <info@sterlingsolar.com>	Apparatus and method for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy (Solar collector thermal storage and heat engine system. Very interesting feed liquid pimp with no movind parts. Feed water. Sterling Thermal Power) Liquid Feed Pump
US5974804	1999	Rankine Engine	Sterling; Jeffrey Stephen <info@sterlingsolar.com>	Apparatus and method for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy (Solar collector thermal storage and heat engine system. Very interesting feed liquid pimp with no movind parts. Feed water. Sterling Thermal Power) Liquid Feed Pump
		receiver		Solar Receiver
US4529830	1985	Receiver Thermal	Daniel	Apparatus for collecting, distributing and utilizing solar radiation
US4683872	1987	Receiver Thermal	Fricker	Receiver for solar energy Solar Turbine
US5143053	1992	Receiver Thermal Flat Plate	Baer; Stephen C.	Solar collector tube plate (Fin Tube Zomeworks)
US5743330	1998	Receiver Thermal Flat Plate	Bilotta Shaw	Radiant heat transfer panels (Fin Tube Radiant Technology very siminar to Baer for use with PEX flexible tubing.)
US4782889	1988	Receiver Thermal Flat Plate	Bourne	Solar collector tube plate (Fin Tube)
US4076025	1978	Receiver Thermal Flat Plate	Parker	Solar steam boiler (Neat recirculating air insulation.)
US4308858	1982	Receiver Thermal Flat Plate	Skillman	Solar energy collecting apparatus and methods (Collector built into the roof)
US4390010	1983	Receiver Thermal Flat Plate	Skillman	Solar energy collecting apparatus and roll-formed metal building (Collector built into the roof)
US4467786	1984	Receiver Thermal Solar Pond	Sorensen; Jens	Solar heating of water utilizing coverites. (Insulation for a solar pond)
		refrigeration		Refrigeration or Air-conditioning
US1953216	1934	Refrigeration Refrigerants	?	? ( <Robert L. McWilliams III >in an email to me wrote: I did some serious and time consuming digging around, but I think I have at least narrowed down the time frame. The earliest reference I have to a patent for dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12, R-12, Freon 12) is 1934. It was originally patented by a joint venture company formed by E.I. DuPont de Nemours and General Motors. Freon was originally trademarked in 1931 by E.I. DuPont de Nemours and covered all of their halocarbon products. Allied Chemical Corporation began producing its own dichlorodifluoromethane in September 12, 1951 under the trade name of Genetron. 1951 - 1934 = 17, the number of years granted an original patent so 1934 looks like the year that R-12 was patented. The original patent number is 1,953,216. DuPont)
US3956904	1976	Refrigeration Refrigerants	Edwards; Thomas	Compressor-expander for refrigeration having dual rotor assembly (Uses air as the refrigerant The Rovac Corporation)
US6056891	2000	Refrigeration Refrigerants	Goble; George H.	Drop-in performance increasing substitute for 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane refrigerant (George Goble)
US5214929	1993	Refrigeration Refrigerants	Goble; George H.	Drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant (George Goble)
US5151207	1992	Refrigeration Refrigerants	Goble; George H.	Drop-in substitute for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant (George Goble)
US5954995	1999	Refrigeration Refrigerants	Goble; George H.	Drop-in substitutes for 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) refrigerant (George Goble)
US6214651	2001	Refrigeration Thermionic	Cox; Isaiah Watas	Doped diamond for vacuum diode heat pumps and vacuum thermionic generators (See Borealis Technical Limited)
US6090893	2000	Refrigeration Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan Sydney	Method and apparatus for vacuum diode heat pump (See Borealis Technical Limited)
US6089311	2000	Refrigeration Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan	Method and apparatus for vacuum diode heat pump (See Borealis Technical Limited)
		robotics		Robotics
US5325031	1994	Robotics	Tilden; Mark W.	Adaptive robotic nervous systems and control circuits therefor (See BEAM - Robotics - Tek) Nervous Network
		scroll		Scroll Compressors, Expanders, or Engines
US4522574	1985	Scroll	Arai Maeda	Balancing weight device for scroll-type fluid machine
US3817664	1974	Scroll	Bennett Hatfield	Rotary fluid pump or motor with intermeshed spiral walls Scroll Sequence
US5094205	1992	Scroll	Billheimer	Scroll-type engine
US4877382	1989	Scroll	Caillat Weatherston Bush	Scroll-type machine with axially compliant mounting
US4781549	1988	Scroll	Caillat	Modified wrap scroll-type machine Thick Scroll
US801182	1905	Scroll	Creux	Rotary Engine (I believe this is the origional patent for a scroll mechanism.) Origional Scroll
US4431388	1984	Scroll	Eber Utter	Controlled suction unloading in a scroll compressor
US4738111	1988	Scroll	Edwards	Power unit for converting heat to power Scroll Engine
US4436465	1984	Scroll	Fukushima Fukuhara Hiraga	Scroll manufacturing tool
US4497615	1985	Scroll	Griffith	Scroll-type machine
US4696084	1987	Scroll	Hirano Fukami Maruiwa Itoh Sugimoto Ono Mukai	Method for forming scroll members used in a scroll type fluid machine Rounded Edges
US4666380	1987	Scroll	Hirano Fukami Maruiwa Itoh Sugimoto Ono Mukai	Scroll type fluid machine with prevention of stress concentration
US5362211	1994	Scroll	Iizuka Ochiai	Scroll type fluid displacement apparatus having a capacity control mechanism
US5873707	1999	Scroll	Kikuchi	Fluid displacement apparatus with variable displacement mechanism
US5860791	1999	Scroll	Kikuchi	Scroll compressor with end-plate valve having a conical passage and a free sphere
US4673340	1987	Scroll	Mabe Negishi	Variable capacity scroll type fluid compressor
US4904164	1990	Scroll	Mabe Terauchi	Scroll type compressor with variable displacement mechanism
US5240388	1993	Scroll	Matsumoto Tsukagoshi	Scroll type compressor with variable displacement mechanism
US4892469	1990	Scroll	McCullough Dieckmann Hosmer	Compact scroll-type fluid compressor with swing-link driving means
US4512066	1985	Scroll	McCullough	Method of fabricating scroll members
US4129405	1978	Scroll	McCullough; John E.	Scroll-type liquid pump with transfer passages in end plate (The scrolls only wrap 360 degrees so there is only pumping action without compression) Liquid Scroll Pump
US5293850	1994	Scroll	Nishida	Scroll type rotary internal combustion engine
US5775888	1998	Scroll	Sakamoto Komai Hidano Kobayashi	Scroll fluid machine having end plate with greater center thickness Air Compressor Scroll
US4326391	1982	Scroll	Sato Arai Tanaka Fukushima Fukushima	Rankine-cycle-engine-driven cooling-and-heating system
US4747756	1988	Scroll	Sato Mabe Terauchi	Scroll compressor with control device for variable displacement mechanism
US4717314	1988	Scroll	Sato Mabe Terauchi	Scroll compressor with control device for variable displacement mechanism
US4886434	1989	Scroll	Satow Masuda Sugimoto Muta	Scroll compressor having discharge part communicating with two compression spaces simultaneously
US4505651	1985	Scroll	Terauchi Kawano Mabe	Scroll type compressor with displacement adjusting mechanism
US4744733	1988	Scroll	Terauchi Mabe	Scroll type compressor with variable displacement mechanism
US4642034	1987	Scroll	Terauchi	Scroll type compressor with displacement adjusting mechanism
US3802809	1974	Scroll	Vulliez	Completely dry and fluid-tight vacuum pumps Vacuum Scroll
US4940395	1990	Scroll	Yamamoto Mabe	Scroll type compressor with variable displacement mechanism
US4773144	1988	Scroll	Youtie	Method of manufacture of scroll compressors and expanders
		stereolithography		Three Dimentional Manufacturing of products.
US4863538	1989	Stereolithography	Deckard	Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering
US4575330	1986	Stereolithography	Hull	Apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography
		stirling		Stirling Engines
US5457956	1994	Stirling	Bowman; Lyn Berchowitz; David M. Urieli; Israel	Microminiature stirling cycle cryocoolers and engines
US4599551	1984	Stirling Acoustic	Wheatley; John C. Swift; Gregory W. Migliori; Albert	Thermoacoustic magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator
US6062023	1998	Stirling Engine	Kerwin; John Owens; Kingston Norris; Michael Kamen; Dean L. Duggan; Tim Langenfeld; Christopher C.	Cantilevered crankshaft stirling cycle machine (It looks like this whole engine can be built with simple lathe tools.) Kamen Cycle Diagrams Crank Case
US4450754	1984	Stirling Engine	Liljequist, Jon L.	Mechanical arrangements for piston-crankshaft devices (This is an interesting way to get Stirling motions) Crank and Eccentric
US5901556	1997	Stirling Refrigeration	Hofler; Thomas J.	High-efficiency heat-driven acoustic cooling engine with no moving parts (Thermoacoustic)
US4953366	1989	Stirling Refrigeration	Swift; Gregory W. Martin; Richard A. Radenbaugh; Ray	Acoustic cryocooler (Thermoacoustic)
US4602614	1983	Stirling Solar	Percival; Worth H. Wells; David N. <laseraxe@erols.com>	Hybrid solar/combustion powered receiver (One of David Wells' patents.) Hybrid Stirling
US4475538	1983	Stirling Solar	Percival; Worth H. Wells; David N. <laseraxe@erols.com>	Window for solar receiver for a solar-powered hot gas engine (One of David Wells' patents.) Hybrid Stirling
		storage		Solar Storage Methods
US4194496	1980	Storage Thermal	Carlson	Solar heat storage systems (Carlson is from my home town of White Bear Lake.)
US4455153	1984	Storage Chemical	Jakahi	Apparatus for storing solar energy in synthetic fuels (Heliostat)
US4613444	1986	Storage Chemical	Lane; George A. Rossow; Harold E.	Reversible phase change compositions of calcium chloride hexahydrate with potassium chloride
US4872442	1989	Storage Thermal	Manker; Charles F.	Activator for initiating reaction in a heat pack and method for making same (See Heat and Comfort, Prism Technologies)
US4880953	1989	Storage Thermal	Manker; Charles F.	Method of recharging a heat pack by microwave energy (See Heat and Comfort, Prism Technologies)
US4402306	1983	Storage Thermal	McElroy Jr.; Robert C.	Thermal energy storage methods and processes
US4265224	1981	Storage Thermal	Meyer; Stanley A.	Multi-stage solar storage system (Ya, the wacco run a car on water guy) Thermal Storage
US4291755	1981	Storage Chemical	Minto; Wallace L.	Method and apparatus for accumulating, storing and releasing thermal energy
US4403643	1983	Storage Thermal	Minto; Wallace L.	Method and apparatus for accumulating, storing and releasing thermal energy
US5710504	1998	Storage Battery Equalization	Pascual; Cesar Krein; Philip T.	Switched capacitor system for automatic battery equalization (A switched capacitor system for automatic battery equalization can be used with series coupled batteries as well as primary and backup batteries which are alternately couplable to a load. The system includes a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of switching elements.) Battery Equalization
US6060198	1998	Storage Battery	Snaper; Alvin A.	Electrochemical battery structure and method (An improved battery, the "Power Battery" (patented), which has a unique internal structure and electrochemistry. Power Technology )
US3981151	1976	Storage Thermal	St. Clair	Use of solar energy heat gathering and storing systems to increase farm crop yields (Heliostat to store solar energy for later use in agricultural ilumination) Agricultural Heliostat
		sundials		Sundials
US4255864	1981	Sundials	Glendinning; Scott R.	Sun clock
US4782472	1988	Sundials	Hines; Stephen P.	Solar clock with digital time display (Uses fiber optics) Digital Sundial
US5596553	1997	Sundials	Kellogg; Robert L.	Digital sundial Digital Sundial
US5590093	1996	Sundials	Scharstein; Hans Krotz-Vogel; Werner Scharstein; Daniel	Digital sundial (Digital Sundials International ) Digital Sundial
		thermionic		Thermionic (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes.)
US4188571	1980	Thermionic	Brunson	Radiant energy to electrical power conversion system Solar Dish
US4528417	1985	Thermionic	Chubb	Thermionic-photovoltaic energy converter
US6214651	2001	Thermionic	Cox; Isaiah Watas	Doped diamond for vacuum diode heat pumps and vacuum thermionic generators (See Borealis Technical Limited)
US5981071	1999	Thermionic	Cox; Rodney	Doped diamond for vacuum diode heat pumps and vacuum diode thermionic generators (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes. See Borealis Technical Limited)
US6064137	2000	Thermionic	Cox; Rodney	Method and apparatus for a vacuum thermionic converter with thin film carbonaceous field emission (See Borealis Technical Limited)
US4303845	1979	Thermionic	Davis	Thermionic electric converter
US5780954	1998	Thermionic	Davis	Thermionic electric converters
US5942834	1999	Thermionic	Davis	Thermionic electric converters
US3807827	1974	Thermionic	De Steese Bowey	Means and method of processing reservoirless thermionic converters
US6103298	2000	Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan Sidney Cox; Isaiah Watas	Method for making a low work function electrode (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes. See Borealis Technical Limited)
US5874039	1999	Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan	Low Work-Function Electrode (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes. See Borealis Technical Limited)
US5810980	1998	Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan	Low Work-Function Electrode (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes. See Borealis Technical Limited)
US5722242	1998	Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan	Method and apparatus for improved vacuum diode heat pump (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes. See Borealis Technical Limited)
US5973259	1999	Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan	Method and Apparatus for Photoelectric Generatioons of Electricity (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes.) Construction
US5994638	1999	Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan	Method and Apparatus for thermionic generator (See Borealis Technical Limited)
US5675972	1997	Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan	Method and apparatus for vacuum diode-based devices with electride-coated electrodes (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes. See Borealis Technical Limited) Design
US5981866	1999	Thermionic	Edelson; Jonathan	Process for Stampable Photoelectric Generator (Similar principal to the cathode in electronic vaccuum tubes. See Borealis Technical Limited) Stampable
US4667126	1987	Thermionic	Fitzpatrick	Thermionic converter
US5028835	1991	Thermionic	Fitzpatrick	Thermionic energy production
US4168716	1979	Thermionic	Fowler Israel	Solar-powered thermionic-photoelectric laser
US5578886	1996	Thermionic	Holmlid Svensson	Collector for thermionic energy converter covered with carbon like material and having a low electronic work function
US5492570	1996	Thermionic	Horner-Richardson Anderson	Hybrid thermal electric generator (See Thermacore, Inc.) Seriesed
US5219516	1993	Thermionic	Horner-Richardson Ernst	Thermionic generator module with heat pipes (See Thermacore, Inc.) With Heat Pipes
US5598062	1997	Thermionic	Iigami	Transparent photocathode
US5541464	1996	Thermionic	Johnson LeVert	Thermionic generator
US4040903	1977	Thermionic	Monroe	Thermionic energy converters (Converter modules, shapped like "D" cell bateries, stack in tubes forming series strings)
US4373142	1983	Thermionic	Morris	Thermionic energy converters
US3983423	1976	Thermionic	Rasor Britt	Thermionic converter
US4126149	1978	Thermionic	Reitz	Solar energy electrical conversion apparatus
US4355195	1982	Thermionic	Sansbury	Electromagnetic solar cell
US4094703	1978	Thermionic	Williams	Solar energy converter
US4251679	1981	Thermionic	Zwan	Electromagnetic radiation transducer
US6089311	2000	Thermionic Refrigeration	Edelson; Jonathan	Method and apparatus for vacuum diode heat pump (See Borealis Technical Limited)
		thermoacoustic		Thermoacoustic
US5892293	1999	Thermoacoustic Generator Electric	Lucas	RMS energy conversion. (Thermoacoustic)
US4599551	1986	Thermoacoustic MHDG	Wheatley Swift Migliori	Thermoacoustic magnetohydrodynamic electrical generator
US5165243	1992	Thermoacoustic Refrigeration	Bennett	Compact acoustic refrigerator (Thermoacoustic)
US5901556	1999	Thermoacoustic Refrigeration	Hofler	High-efficiency heat-driven acoustic cooling engine with no moving parts (Thermoacoustic)
US4953366	1990	Thermoacoustic Refrigeration	Swift Martin Radenbaugh	Acoustic cryocooler (Thermoacoustic)
US4858441	1989	Thermoacoustic Refrigeration	Wheatley Swift Migliori Hofler	Heat-driven acoustic cooling engine having no moving parts (Thermoacoustic)
US5813234	1998	Thermoacoustic Refrigeration	Wighard; Herbert F.	Double acting pulse tube electroacoustic system (Thermoacoustic)
		thermoelectric		Thermoelectric generators
US5065085	1991	Thermoelectric	Aspden Strachan	Thermoelectric energy conversion
US5936193	1999	Thermoelectric	Parise	Nighttime solar cell
US5356484	1994	Thermoelectric	Yater Yater Yater	Reversible thermoelectric converter
		tracker		Solar Trackers
US4445030	1984	Tracker Electronic	Carlton; Richard J.	Tracking arrangement for a solar energy collecting system (Tracker that is stationary and controls a concentrator that moves. Position of the concentrator is set with an Inclinometer. Acurex Corp) Hybrid Stirling
US4883340	1988	Tracker Electronic	Dominguez; Richard L.	Solar lighting reflector apparatus having slatted mirrors and improved tracker (Heliostat lighting tracker. Used in a skylite) Heliostat Tracker
US5914483	1997	Tracker Electronic	Fallon; James J. Fallon; Gerald	Sun Sensor Sensor
US5829427	1997	Tracker Electronic	Gallois-Montbrun; Roger	Orientable pyramid-shaped solar collector device
US6018122	1997	Tracker Electronic	Hibino; Kouetsu Tange; Kyoichi Nagashima; Tomonori	Tracking solar module Optical Tracker
US5977475	1997	Tracker Electronic	Hibino; Kouetsu	Converging solar module ( Cylindrical refractive optics. See figure 4)
US5023440	1990	Tracker Electronic	Kuppenheimer; John D.	Tracker using angle-converting cones (CPC, compound parabolic concentrator, cones observe diifferential portions of the sky) CPC Tracker
US4267441	1981	Tracker Electronic	Monk; Robert J.	Energy rays tracking device (Complete circuit diagram. Fairly complex and outdated but the idea is there)
US6089224	1999	Tracker Electronic	Poulek; Vladislav	Apparatus for orientation of solar radiation collectors (Very simple solar tracker based on a pair of solar panels connected Back to Back. Back to Back Solar Panels
US20140352757	2014	Solar Tracker	Ramirez; John <mobilenergies@gmail.com>	Smart modular automated multi access axis case for solar modules, panels, electronic display ssensors and the like (This alternative hybrid wind concentrator generator provides low wind environments with improved added capabilities for various power generation applications.) Solar Tracker
US4361758	1982	Tracker Electronic	Rotolo; Guglielmo E.	Sun position sensor for two axis tracking (Tracker for a geodesic dome)
US4276872	1981	Tracker Electronic Inline	Blake; Floyd A. Northrup, Jr.; Lynn L.	Solar system employing ground level heliostats and solar collectors (Heliostat and inline optical tracker) Inline Tracker
US3906927	1975	Tracker Electronic Inline	Caplan; Harry W.	Solar-thermal power system employing adjustable curvature reflective panels and method of adjusting reflective panel curvature (Heliostat with mechanically adjustable flat mirrors. The tracker uses inline sensors) Inline Tracker
US4519382	1985	Tracker Electronic Inline	Gerwin; Harry L.	Control system for heliostats and method (The tracking controller observes a reflected image of the sun. Similar to Hedger except the tracker is near the receiver) Inline Tracker
US4063543	1977	Tracker Electronic Inline	Hedger; John Henry	Servo tracking apparatus (Tracks by looking at the position of the sun reflected in the mirror. Similar to Gerwin except the tracker is near each heliostat) Inline Tracker
US5979438	1998	Tracker Electronic Inline	Nakamura; Katsushige	Sunlight collecting system (Describes a secondary Gregorian mirror and a tertiary compound parabolic concentrator receiver, and inline tracker.) Array Inline Tracker
US4172443	1979	Tracker Electronic Inline	Sommer; Warren T.	Central receiver solar collector using analog coupling mirror control (Tracking by means of placing a 2 axis sensor in align and in between the mirror and the receiver. Also describes several interesting mirror movement mechanisms including cable systems. The mount looks like my Goofy Dual Axis Tracking Mount.) Inline Tracker
US4223214	1980	Tracker Electronic MPPT	Dorian; Mark E. Nelson; David H.	Solar tracking device (Tracking movement of collector by maximizing power output as in an MPPT. Operates on 2 axes. See West)
US4868379	1988	Tracker Electronic MPPT	West; Rick	Photovoltaic array with two-axis power maximization tracking (Tracking movement of collector by maximizing power output as in an MPPT. Operates on 2 axes. See Dorian)
US6704607	2001	Tracker Electronic Open Loop	Stone; Kenneth Ayne Kiefer; James A.	Method and apparatus for controllably positioning a solar concentrator (Using the open loop method. See the bibliography for calculating the sun's position)
US4564275	1984	Tracker Electronic Open Loop	Stone; Kenneth W.	Automatic heliostat track alignment method (Using the open loop method. See the bibliography for calculating the sun's position)
US7309926	2004	Tracker Electronic Open Loop	Watt; Stephen Bruce	Solar-powered pumping device (Using the open loop method. This patent can not be supported as claim 1 is invalid. Prior art for the concept of using a radio controlled accurate time clock has been described by at least me and others many years before Watts filing date. Also see patent US4215410 Column 8 line 47. I love to break patents!)
US4215410	1980	Tracker Electronic Open Loop	Weslow; Jerome H. Rodrian; James A.	Solar tracker (Using the open loop method. See the bibliography for calculating the sun's position)
US7207327	2004	Tracker Electronic Retroreflector	Litwin; Robert Z. Meister; Christopher D.	Feedback control method for a heliostat (Heliostat tracking sensor using Retro Reflectors, something similar to the manual heliostat optical sensor we used on the heliostat array to send light up to the Kansas City Space Pirates, KCSP, space tether climber.) Heliostat Tracking Sensor using Retro Reflectors
US4349733	1982	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Beam; Benjamin H. Beam; Richard M.	Sun tracker (Simple single axis. Two sensors with a divider blade) Shadow Tracker
US4649899	1985	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Moore; Roy A.	Solar tracker (2 axis tracker for a Fresnel solar array. Interesting method of making light sensor shadow mask) Shadow Tracker
US6897423	2002	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Redler; Michael H. <redlerm@yahoo.com> Rader; Dennis	Self-powered intermittent moving light tracking device and method (Escentially a Receiver Axis Heliostat Mount with Shadow Blocker sensor) Receiver Axis Mechanism
US6005236	1995	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Phelan; John J. Phelan; Joseph P. Miller	Automatic sun tracking apparatus (This circuit is almost exactly the same as a tracker I built in about 1972) Shadow Tracker
US3996460	1976	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Smith; Peter D.	Solar tracking control system using shadow detection ( Shadow tracker with the sensors on the inside of a box) Shadow Tracker
US4262195	1981	Tracker Electronic Shadow	White; Paul R. Scott; Donald R.	Solar tracking system (Dish tracker using differential light sensors) Shadow Tracker
US4107521	1978	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Winders; Gordon Robert	Solar sensor and tracker apparatus (Differential light sensor driving a reversible AC capacitor run motor. The electronics operate very similarly to my LED3 tracker.) Shadow Tracker
US4146784	1979	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Yekutieli; Gideon	Sun tracking device (Inline heliostat optical tracker. Figure 5 is a shadow tracker) Shadow Tracker
US5862799	1997	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Yogev; Amnon Krupkin; Vladimir	Control of a heliostat field in a solar energy plant (Feedback control system for adjusting a field of heliostats. Similar to Gerwin except the tracker operates multiple heliostats. Also similar to a system I have been thinking about) Heliostat Shadow Tracker
US4190766	1980	Tracker Electronic Shadow	Young; Danny J.	Sun tracking system (Inline heliostat optical tracker.) Shadow Tracker
US4013885	1977	Tracker Electronic Signaling	Blitz; Daniel	Solar energy sun tracker (Operates in a similar way to an emergency signaling mirror. See Vaerewyck) Signaling Mirror Tracker
US4211922	1978	Tracker Electronic Signaling	Vaerewyck; Eugene G. Miller; Robert C. Anderson; Arthur E.	Heliostat guidance (Uses the solar angle bisection method with a linear image sensor. Operates in a similar way to an emergency signaling mirror. See Blitz Westinghouse Electric Corp.) Signaling Mirror Tracker
US5877874	1997	Tracker Holographic	Rosenberg; Glenn A.	Device for concentrating optical radiation (Using holograms and passive solar tracking. Operates in a similar manner to Luminescent Concentrators but with the advantage of utilizing a wider spectrum.) Holographic Tracker
US2460482	1945	Concentrator Dish	Abbot; Charles Greeley	Solar Heat Collector (Dish on a Tripod mount) Tripod Mount
US20140216522	2012	Tracker Mechanical	Au; Alexander W.	Horizontal balanced solar tracker (North/South Horizontally oriented Tracking Mount. Was Solaria, now NEXTracker. The main advantage of the mount is the ability to use a long continuous panel support beam. This beam is essentially supported from a hanger bearing outside the periphery of the beam. This is close to what I'm doing on my version of a N/S Horizontal Tripod Mount.) N/S Horizontal Mount
US4476854	1984	Tracker Mechanical	Baer; Stephen C.	Gas spring solar tracker (Zomeworks)
US4175391	1979	Tracker Mechanical	Baer; Stephen C.	Self reorienting solar tracker (Liquid mass transfer Zomeworks Compound Parabolic Concentrator) Liquid Mass Transfer
US3884414	1975	Tracker Mechanical	Baer; Stephen C.	Solar heating device (Zomeworks) Liquid Mass Transfer
US4505255	1985	Tracker Mechanical	Baer; Stephen C.	Summer/winter solar control system (Zomeworks) Liquid Mass Transfer
US5600124	1994	Tracker Mechanical	Berger; Alexander	Sun tracker system for a solar assembly
US5730117	1995	Tracker Mechanical	Berger; Alexander	Sun tracker Tracker
US5798517	1997	Tracker Mechanical	Berger; Alexander	Sun tracker system for a solar assembly
US4149777	1977	Concentrator Heliostat	Bunch; Jesse C.	Radiation concentrating system (Heliostat beveled gear bisector angle mechanism) Beveled Gear Angle Bisector bunch4 Interior Gear Angle Bisector
US4110009	1978	Tracker Mechanical	Bunch; Jesse C.	Heliostat apparatus (Heliostat actuation scheme that uses parallelogram linkages) Heliostat Array bunch5
US4218114	1980	Tracker Mechanical	Bunch; Jesse C.	Heliostat apparatus (Heliostat actuation scheme that uses parallelogram linkages) Linked Mirrors bunch6
US4870949	1987	Tracker Mechanical	Butler; Barry L.	Wind resistant two axis tracker for energy or radiation concertrators Heliostat Array
US20110265784	2010	Tracker Mechanical	Chang; Kuei-Hsiang Chang; Ching-Lang	Solar tracker (Very interesting, essentially a pair of gear driven cams. There is great mechanical advantage at the extremes of motion. Note! although the speed of rotation is not constant throughout the day the mechanical advantage occurs when the wind load is greatest.) Gear Arrangement
US3630020	1971	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Chase; Thomas H. Weigel; Robert M.	Solar Orientation Device (The bimetallic elements, through linkages, rotate a crankshaft in a way to orient equipment continuously toward the sun. Cool device!!!) Bimetallic Device
US8100122	2009	Tracker Mechanical U-Joint	Collins; Kenneth D. Collins; Foster D.	Solar Roof Tracker (Mechanical tracker based on the U-joint mechanism.) Array of U-Joint Mounts
US4317031	1982	Tracker Mechanical	Findell; Max	Central focus solar energy system Tracker
US20140124015	2013	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic????	Full; Eden	Systems and Methods for Weight-Based Repositioning of Solar Energy Collection Devices (This is the 19 year old from Princeton making a big splash about a $10 all mechanical solar tracker. We'll see. Now that I have seen the patent it doesn't appear to use bimetallic elements as stated in the article. It now appears to be "Simply Controlled Weight Transfer". Clean Technica Eden Full's website. Nearly all aspects have been demonstrated long before Full did this. Especially designs published on the UseNet by Brian White long ago. This is hopelessly simplistic in design and concept. It's construction is mechanically very "loose" when the wind blows on it. Good designs need to be mechanically very "Stiff" so high winds won't damage it. The building code usually requires a horizontal wind pressure of 10 lbs/ft2 Weight Transfer Tracker
US3945015	1976	Tracker Mechanical U-Joint	Gueguen; Michel	Satellite tracking antenna having a dish moveably supported at three points (Mechanical tracker based on the U-joint mechanism. Similar to the Sallis (1990) heliostat and Solomon (1982) dish.) U-joint Mechanism
US4226502	1980	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Gunzler; Thomas	Self-contained Bimetallic solar tracking device
US4167936	1979	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Hackworth; Albert J.	Static solar tracker and energy converter (Bimetallic strip movement) Bimetallic
US4628142	1986	Tracker Concentrator Trough	Hashizume; Kenichi	Solar tracking mechanisms (Bimetallic spring movement. The thermal sensors look similar to Baer's weight transfer mechanism.) Bimetallic
US6563040	2001	Tracker Mechanical Tripod	Hayden; Herbert T. Shingleton; Jefferson G.	Structure for supporting a photovoltaic module in a solar energy collection system ("2 Pivot Tripod Tracking Mount" Basically a tripod mount. Note! this patent can not be enforced as I published and demonstrated a nearly identical tripod mount at the 2001 MREA solar fair on or about June 21st. I was located nest to the founder of "Zap Motors". Thousands witnessed it, maybe Haydon or Shingleton did too. Mine even had the rope tie down feature. The Internet "Wayback Machine" says they last archived my page on July 17th 2001. My Webpage says it was last edited on July 6th. What were they thinking?) Tripod theirs My Tripod demonstrated at the MREA solar fair on the Amherst Fair Grounds. 44.449343,-89.298682 Tripod mine Tripod mine Link to my webpage Southwest Solar Technologies, Inc. <info@swsolartech.com> Herbert T. Hayden Herb Hayden President 4148 N Arcadia Dr. Phoenix, Az 85018-4302 Phone (602) 889-2332 <herbhayden@swsolartech.com> Southwest Solar Technologies, Inc. 3545 S. 28th Street Phoenix, AZ 85040 (602)316-0207 cell (480)424-2641 office <Herbert.Hayden@aps.com> Arizona Public Service, APS <herbert.hayden@pinnaclewest.com> Pinnacle West Shingleton Design, LLC SunPower Corporation Jefferson Gorden Shingleton 7322 Parcell Rd. Auburn, N.Y 13021-8836 <jefferson@shingleton.com> (315)255-3504 One-Axis Trackers - Improved Reliability, Durability, Performance, and Cost Reduction
US20120222372	2009	Tracker Mechanical Tripod	Hilber; Franz	Adjusting device of a stationary photovoltaic system ("3 Pivot Tripod Tracking Mount" A method to get dual axis motion with a single actuator and a kind of latching mechanism at 2 separated pivot points. Very similar to a Tripod Mount, except with 2 low end pivots instead of 1. Which pivot is engaged is shown in figures 188a & 18b, the operation is described in paragraphs 112-114. Hilber Solar) 3 Pivot Point Tripod Tracking Mount An anime Latching Pivot
US4368962	1983	Tracker Mechanical Clockwork	Hultberg; Donald E.	Solar tracking apparatus and system (Neat all mechanical Rube Goldberg using gears and cranks. Best used for solar instrumentation) Gears
US3951510	1976	Tracker Mechanical	Lloyd; Wayne B.	Inertially stabilized heliostat assembly
US4367913	1983	Tracker Mechanical	Logan; Dale R. Buckley; John J.	Inertially dampened heliostat assembly
US3678685	1972	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Low; George M. Crawford; Ralph	Solar Energy Powered Heliotrope (Bimetallic strip movement)
US5622078	1995	Tracker Mechanical	Mattson; Brad A.	Linear/helix movement support/solar tracker (See picture)
US5512742	1993	Tracker Mechanical	Mattson; Brad A.	Solar energy and tracking system (See picture)
US3213285	1965	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Mccusker; Thomas J.	Heliotropic Orientation Mechanism ( Bimetallic actuation.)
US3446998	1969	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Murphy; Franklin L.	Bimetallic Power Controlled Actuator (Bimetallic actuation.)
US4586488	1983	Tracker Mechanical Half Angle	Noto; Vincent H.	Reflective solar tracking system (Half angle tracker employing gears. Similar to that describes to me by Jerimiah Chace. Receiver Axis Mount) Half angle tracker, single axis
US5945961	1998	Tracker Mechanical U-Joint	Price; Russell E. Gastonguay; Raymond J.	Antenna dias system having constrained rotational movement (Mechanical tracker based on the U-joint mechanism. Similar to the Sallis (1990) heliostat and Solomon (1982) Dish.) U-joint Mechanism
US2967249	1961	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Quick; Robert W.	Servomechanism For Tracking A Heat Source (Bimetallic strip movement)
US4027651	1977	Tracker Mechanical	Robbins; Roland W.	Solar energy powered sun tracker (All pneumatic tracker producing a differential pressure to actuate a cylinder) Pneumatic
US4585318	1986	Tracker Mechanical T-Pole	Seifert; Dieter	Tracking device (Sort of a Polar Axis mount. Dual axis motion caused by linkages. These linkages simulate polar axis motion even though the actual mount is technically Vertical Axis. By changing the length of the link seasonal declination motions are also simulated. While there are errors in the motions the error is reasonably low enough for use with flat panel collectors such as PV Panels. See Siryj) T-Pole with Linkages
US20090025708	2008	Tracker Mechanical	Shingleton; Jefferson G.	Rolling Motion Tracking Solar Assembly (An interesting way to tilt a panel array by rolling along a circular lower edge and a "U-Joint" pivot support. This has similar motion to the "3 Pivot Point" Tripod Tracking Mount like Hilber Note! The U-Joint and circular track are, generally, on the same horizontal plane with the U-Joint at the center of the circular track. A U-joint instead of a Ball-Joint is required to prevent the panel from slipping on the track. Alternativly if a Ball-Joint is used the track could have gear teeth to prevent the the rotation.) Rolling Tracking Mount
US4295621	1981	Tracker Mechanical T-Pole	Siryj; Bohdan W.	Solar tracking apparatus (Dual Axis T-Pole using links and gears. See Seifert) T-Pole with Gears and Linkages
US4442348	1981	Tracker Mechanical T-Pole	Snyderl; Wesley L.	Solar tracking apparatus for a gimbaled body (Weird ball sort of thing) Ball
US4266530	1981	Tracker Mechanical Arc Heliostat	Steadman; Robert W.	Sun ray tracker (Arc Heliostat with Mirrors moved and tilted in circular tracks. See my web page describing these: ) Arc Heliostat with Circular Tracks
US4274394	1979	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Stromberg; Robert P.	Electromechanical solar tracking apparatus (Bimetallic strip movement)
US6960717	2002	Tracker Mechanical U-Joint	Stuart; Donald J. Ryan; Patrick H.	Adjustable solar panel (Another U-joint mount. Also, another one of those why bother patents that have no hope of being upheld.) U-joint Mechanism
US4172739	1979	Tracker Mechanical T-Pole	Tassen; Devon	Sun tracker with dual axis support for diurnal movement and seasonal adjustment (TPole with cable tilt. The cable changes the tilt throughout the day, pulling the panels towards the horizon at sunrise and sunset.) Cable Adjusted
US4365616	1982	Tracker Mechanical Bimetallic	Vandenberg; Leonard B.	Self-aligning solar collector
US4251819	1981	Tracker Mechanical Ball-Joint	Vickland; Jack M.	Variable support apparatus (Mechanical tracker similar to the U-joint mechanism I call it a Ball-Joint mechanism. See Gueguen (1976) dish.) Ball-Joint Mechanism
US4202321	1980	Tracker Mechanical Clockwork	Volna; William M.	Solar tracking device (Mechanical dual axis clockwork tracker with seasonal adjustments. Not a heliostat.) Tracker Clockwork drive
US4262654	1981	Tracker Mechanical	Ward; Carter J.	Solar energy powered sun tracker (See Baer US4476854) Liquid Mass Transfer
		vane		Vane Compressors or Engines
US4566863	1986	Vane	Goto Sugiura Suzuki	Rotary compressor operable under a partial delivery capacity Vane
US3964442	1976	Vane	Hunter	Internal combustion engine Vane Engine
		vehicles		Alternative Vehicles
US1155170	1915	Vehicles Electric Control	Storer; N. W.	System And Method For Control Of Electric Motors (Power Controller using complicated selector switches. 3 different battery packs in series/parallel and motor windings in series/parallel plus battery taps.)
US1291233	1919	Vehicles Electric Control	Storer; N. W.	Control System (Power Controller using complicated selector switches. 3 different battery packs in series and motor windings in series/parallel.) 1919 electric car controller
US1607002	1926	Vehicles Electric Control	Keller; George M.	Electric-Motor-Control System (Series control of batteries. Voltage outputs of 1X, 2X. But not in parallel) Series Control with complicated switches
US3280397	1966	Vehicles Electric Control	Bruns; William Henry	Industrial Truck (A rotary switch Power Controller. Voltage outputs of 1X to 6X. Interesting arrangement of contacts on the rotary switch. Not so good as the bottom battery is used continuously and the top rarely.) Multi battery controller
US3286152	1966	Vehicles Electric Control	Noe; J. B.	Multiple Battery Charging And Discharging Circuit Means (Charge batteries in series and discharge in parallel.) Series Charging, Parallel Discharging
US3320565	1967	Vehicles Electric Control	Campbell; Robert W. Sawyer; Elbert M. Ruff; Donald O. Kirk; Thomas E. Ramey; Lyle M. Worrell; William D.	Inductor Device (Power Controller using battery taps and convert this variable DC voltage to 3 phase variable frequence AC. The motor is a 3 phase reluctance type. Not so good as the bottom battery is used continuously and the top rarely.) Reluctance Motor Driver
US3384758	1968	Vehicles Electric Control	Kelly; Thomas R.	Regulation System For Multiple D-C Sources (Multiple batteries controlled with separate Buck Converters and seriesed free wheeling diodes. Similar to my BatPack controller.) Multiple Buck Converters
US3387194	1968	Vehicles Electric Control	Banks; Donald S.	Electric Motor Control System Including A Bank Of Batteries For Series/Parallel Operation (Power Controller for Multiple batteries using switches and diodes. Voltage outputs of 1X to 6X. Similar to my BatPack controller. It even allows arbitrary selection of the desired battery.) Multi battery controller
US3437826	1969	Vehicles Electric Control	Kelly; Thomas R.	Control Circuit For Controlling Duty Op A Plurality Of D-c Sources (Multiple batteries controlled with separate Buck Converters and seriesed free wheeling diodes. Similar to my BatPack controller.) Multiple Buck Converters
US3493696	1968	Vehicles Electric Charging	Rothweiler; R. C.	Modular Selector Switch Assembly (Power Controller using switches.)
US3530356	1970	Vehicles Electric Control	Aronson; Robert R.	Regenerative System For Electric Vehicle (Power Controller with single voltage batteries. Regeneration done with seperate generator.) Regeneration
US3573582	1971	Vehicles Electric Control	Petrocelli; Edward A.	Large DC Motor Control Circuit (Sequential selection of batteries in series using SCRs. Not so good as the bottom battery is used continuously and the top rarely.) Series Control of batteries with SCRs
US3611091	1971	Vehicles Electric Control	Genovese; Salvatore	DC Motor Will Plural Battery Supply (Battery switching with relays.)
US3728599	1973	Vehicles Electric Control	Minimuri; Hirosi	Control System For An Electric Automotive Vehicle (Series control of batteries using relays and diodes. Voltage outputs of 1X, 2X, 3X, 4X.) Series/Parallel Control With Relays and Diodes
US3923116	1975	Vehicles Electric Control	Thompson; Francis T. Bauer; James A.	Electric Vehicle Having Improved Battery Reconnect (Series/Parallel control of batteries. Voltage outputs of 1X, 2X.) Series/Parallel batteries
US3984744	1976	Vehicles Electric Control	Moody; Warren E.	D.C. voltage control system (Series/Parallel control of batteries. Voltage outputs of 1X, 2X, 3X, 4X.) Series/Parallel batteries
US4075541	1978	Vehicles Electric Control	Shibata; Takamori Marumoto; Katsuji	Direct current motor control device for use in battery automobiles (Series/Parallel control of batteries. Voltage outputs of 1X, 2X, 4X.) Series/Parallel Control With SCRs
US4129817	1978	Vehicles Electric Control	Yew; Ming-Chih Jones; Trever O.	Stepped voltage power supply with equalized discharge of battery cells (A pair of contacts on the rotary switch mechanism picks pairs of taps on the battery string. When more voltage is desired the leading contact is advanced. When less voltage is desired the trailing contact is advanced. The important thing is that statisticly all batteries are subjected to similar amounts of discharge. This is clearly the mechanical equivelant to my BatPack. The basic difference is the inability to arbitrarily pick batteries to add or remove from the string.) Ratcheting Rotary Switch
US4306179	1981	Vehicles Electric Control	Whitford; Darryl R.	Electric Power Control System (An instantly variable constant current control is interposed between a bank of batteries and a motor. A pair of contacts on the rotary switch mechanism picks pairs of taps on the battery string.) Rotary Switch
US4360766	1982	Vehicles Electric Control	Bogardus; Carl R.	Multi-battery power supply for DC motors (Series control of batteries using relays and diodes. Voltage outputs of 1X, 2X, 3X, 4X. Not so good as the bottom battery is used continuously and the top rarely.) Multi battery controller
US5455884	1993	Vehicles Electric Control	Yang; Tai-Her	Stepped Compound Voltage Control Circuit Of Battery In Combination With Field-Controll DC Motor Driving Circuit (Series/Parallel control of batteries. Voltage outputs of 1X to 6X.) Series/Parallel batteries Series/Parallel batteries
BatPack	1994	Vehicles Electric Control	Johnson; Duane C.	BatPack EV Power Controller with Regeneration. (This is my version of an electric car power controller.) In the Car BatPack Power Controller
US5971091	1999	Vehicles Electric	Kamen; Dean L Sugiura Ambrogi Duggan Heinzmann Key Skoskiewicz Kristal	Transportation vehicles and methods (Very cool one or two man transportation where the riders stand on a platform. The platform is mounted on 6 wheels where only 2 are in contact with the ground. It balances on two wheels. It's capable of walking up a stairway.) It?
US5975225	1999	Vehicles Electric	Kamen; Dean L Sugiura Ambrogi Heinzmann	Transportation vehicles and methods (Electric wheelchair. The wheelchair is mounted on 6 wheels where only 2 are in contact with the ground. It's capable of walking up a stairway.) Kamen
		water		Water
US6014968	2000	Water Collector	Teoh; Siang Teik	Tubular heating-pipe solar water-heating-system with integral tank Solar water panel
US4325788	1982	Water Distillation	Snyder	Distillation apparatus with solar tracker
US4235679	1980	Water Distillation	Swaidan	High performance solar still
US4040486	1977	Water Pump	Kirkland	Method and apparatus for air development and rejuvenation of water wells
US4671741	1987	Water Pump	Baumberg	Pipe for elevating liquids through successively arranged accumulating and communicating portions, and device provided therewith
US4579511	1986	Water Pump	Burns	Air lift pump system
US4373867	1983	Water Pump	Campbell	Pressure charged airlift pump (Using a Double Diaphram Pump down the well.)
US4163035	1979	Water Pump	Gorsky	Aquarium water aeration device
US5527461	1996	Water Pump	Hill	Airlift oil scavenger
US5382137	1995	Water Pump	Lane	Multiple stage airlift pump
US4540344	1985	Water Pump	Mulvenna	Energy transfer device (Pumping action by shaking a tube of fluid. See: C. Mulvenna, P.Eng)
US4242053	1980	Water Pump	Mulvenna	Free piston fluid energy transfer device (Swashplate free piston pump. See: C. Mulvenna, P.Eng)
US5780935	1998	Water VAWT	Kao	Hydropower turbine system (University of Iowa)
US4441029	1984	Water VAWT	Kao	Hydropower turbine system (University of Kentucky)
		wind		Windmills Augmented = Augmented Wind Turbine HAWT = Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine. VAWT = Vertical Axis Wind Turbine.
US20140354053	2014	Wind Augmented	Ramirez; John <mobilenergies@gmail.com>	Hybrid wind power generator and concentrator with solar panel for improved power generation (Hybrid wind power generator with solar panel for improved power generaton.) Hybrid wind power
US4146800	1979	Wind Electrostatic	Gregory Schurig	Apparatus and method of generating electricity from wind energy
US4206396	1980	Wind Electrostatic	Marks	Charged aerosol generator with uni-electrode source
US4433248	1984	Wind Electrostatic	Marks	Charged aerosol wind/electric power generator with solar and/or gravitational regeneration
US4494009	1985	Wind Electrostatic	Yukl	Method and apparatus for capturing an electrical potential generated by a moving air mass
US4288199	1981	Wind HAWT Airfoil	Weisbrich	TARP Yaw track means for rotors (Turbine with augmenter.)
US4332518	1982	Wind HAWT Airfoil	Weisbrich	Multifunctional tarp rotor strut vanes (Turbine with augmenter.)
US4540333	1985	Wind HAWT Airfoil	Weisbrich	TARP Rotor system thrust, yaw and load control (Turbine with augmenter.)
US4156579	1979	Wind HAWT Airfoil	Weisbrich	Toroidal accelerator rotor platform (TARP) (Turbine with augmenter.)
US4276033	1981	Wind HAWT American	Krovina	Sailing system (Flexible boat sail looks like a toy pinwheel. The pinwheel rotates to provide rotary power.)
US4362470	1982	Wind VAWT	Locastro Giemsch	Wind turbine
US3918839	1975	Wind VAWT Darious	Blackwell Feltz Maydew	Wind turbine
US4718821	1988	Wind VAWT Darious	Clancy	Windmill blade
US4341176	1982	Wind VAWT Darious	Orrison	Air foil with reversible camber
US4383801	1983	Wind VAWT Darious	Pryor	Wind turbine with adjustable air foils (Movable air foil)
US4082479	1978	Wind VAWT Darious	Rangi South	Overspeed spoilers for vertical axis wind turbine
US4355956	1982	Wind VAWT Darious	Ringrose Dahle	Wind turbine (Flexible air foil)
US4818180	1989	Wind VAWT Drag	????	????
US4681512	1987	Wind VAWT Drag	Barnard	Self-fairing windmill vane (Flapping sail. The working and furled sail positions and shapes are obtained by the shape of the sail spar without the use of either lines nor meshes.)
US4047834	1977	Wind VAWT Drag	Benesh	Horizontal multidirectional turbine windmill (Savonius type rotor with augmenter.)
US4359311	1982	Wind VAWT Drag	Benesh	Wind turbine rotor
US4838757	1989	Wind VAWT Drag	Benesh	Wind turbine system using a Savonius type rotor
US4715776	1987	Wind VAWT Drag	Benesh	Wind turbine system using a Savonius type rotor
US4784568	1988	Wind VAWT Drag	Benesh	Wind turbine system using a vertical axis Savonius-type rotor
US4830570	1989	Wind VAWT Drag	Benesh	Wind turbine system using twin Savonius-type rotors
US5494407	1996	Wind VAWT Drag	Benesh	Wind turbine with Savonius-type rotor
US4527950	1985	Wind VAWT Drag	Biscomb	Wind motor (Flapping rigid sails)
US4208168	1980	Wind VAWT Drag	Chen Chen Chen	Wind turbine (Flapping sail louvers with the shapes determined by lines and meshes.)
US5525037	1996	Wind VAWT Drag	Cummings	Overlapping sail wind turbine (Flapping rigid sails)
US4218183	1980	Wind VAWT Drag	Dall-Winther	Windmill (Flapping rigidly held sail.)
US4015911	1977	Wind VAWT Drag	Darvishian	Higher efficiency wind motor with receptors of diminished drag characteristics (Flapping rigid louvers.)
US3897170	1975	Wind VAWT Drag	Darvishian	Wind motor (Flapping rigid hemispherical cups similar to a meteorological anemometer.)
US4191507	1980	Wind VAWT Drag	DeBerg	Windmill (Flapping sail has a similar action to Green without the mechanical communication through connecting lines. The sails are rectangular.)
US4684817	1987	Wind VAWT Drag	Goldwater	Valvular sail power plant (Flapping sail louvers with the shape determined by lines and meshes combined with a Savonius shape. The shape is an improvement over Chen.)
US3995170	1976	Wind VAWT Drag	Graybill	Wind energy conversion device (Flapping rigid sail made from two sections joined and hinged.)
US5823749	1998	Wind VAWT Drag	Green; Robert R. <rgreen999@aol.com>	Vertical-axis wind turbine with two-phase sails (Flapping Sail with interesting method to control the opening and closing of the sail by mechanical communication through connecting lines. The sails are triangular. As I see it, the basic improvement is in the mechanical communication through connecting lines. Similar patents without the communication lines are: DeBerg and Weisbrich. I believe these two patents are direct prior art because they, along with Green, maintain the shape of the sail by use of a single strait spar and flexible lines. Less similar prior art are: Chen and Goldwater. These patents maintain the shape of the sail using lines and meshes. Barnard obtains the sail shape with a single curved spar and without the use of either lines nor meshes. Other patents, Hillman and Rhodes, communicate the position of the working sail to the idle sail by use of a rotating shaft. This mechanism is similar to Green's use of communicating lines. All the flapping sail patents have similarities to Green's flapping sail patent. Green Windmill) Canvas Windmill
US802144	1905	Wind VAWT Drag	Harrington; Benoni R.	Windmill (Flapping rigidly held sail with retraction mechanism)
US3810712	1974	Wind VAWT Drag	Hillman	Wind powered motive apparatus (Flapping rigidly held sail with retraction mechanism for a portion of rotation. One sail communicates working position to the opposite idle position through a shaft.)
US4474529	1985	Wind VAWT Drag	Kinsey	Windmill (Savonius rotor with wind oriented shield.)
US4496283	1985	Wind VAWT Drag	Kodric	Wind turbine (Flapping rigid sails)
US5226806	1993	Wind VAWT Drag	Lubbers	Vertical axis wind turbine (Flapping rigidly held sail with orientation mechanism for a portion of rotation.)
US4288200	1981	Wind VAWT Drag	O'Hare	Wind tower turbine (Savonius rotor built into the top of a wing shaped augmenter)
US4342539	1982	Wind VAWT Drag	Potter	Retractable wind machine (Savonius rotor made with sail sections)
US4408956	1983	Wind VAWT Drag	Price	Flip-flop turbine vane module (Flapping air foil vanes operated positioned mechanically)
US5083902	1992	Wind VAWT Drag	Rhodes	Reverting wind wheel (Flapping rigidly held sail. One sail communicates working position to the opposite idle position through a shaft. This patent looks to be the same as one embodiment of Hillman's patent.)
US4545729	1985	Wind VAWT Drag	Storm	Wind turbine apparatus (Retractable sails)
US4364709	1982	Wind VAWT Drag	Tornquist	Wind power converter (Flapping sail has a similar action to Green without the mechanical communication through connecting lines. The sails are cone shaped.)
US4021140	1977	Wind VAWT Drag	Weisbrich	Variable geometry windturbine (Flapping sail has a similar action to Green without the mechanical communication through connecting lines. The sails are parachute shaped.)
US5520505	1996	Wind VAWT Drag	Weisbrich	Wind amplified rotor platform (warp) (Flapping sail has a similar action to Green without the mechanical communication through connecting lines. The sails are parachute shaped.)
US4365935	1982	Wind VAWT Drag	Zukeran	Wind-driven prime mover (Flapping rigidly held sail.)
		xerography
US3867170	1975	Xerography	Ferguson Komp; Richard J	Method for cleaning liquid developers
US3723793	1973	Xerography	Komp; Richard J Weigl	Coated Corona Generating Electrode
US3862801	1975	Xerography	Komp; Richard J	Method of cleaning an electrostatographic imaging surface
US3725059	1973	Xerography	Komp; Richard J	Method of Cleaning an Electrostato-graphic Imaging Surface
US3789216	1974	Xerography	Komp; Richard J	Photodetection Device and Method Comprising Phthalocyanine
US3566108	1971	Xerography	Weigl Komp; Richard J	Corona Generating Electrode Structure For Use In a Xerographic Charging Method